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The cause is typically a bacterial infection and less commonly a fungal infection. [1] Risk factors include valvular heart disease, including rheumatic disease, congenital heart disease, artificial valves, hemodialysis, intravenous drug use, and electronic pacemakers. [6] [7] [5] The bacteria most commonly involved are streptococci or ...
Viral cardiomyopathy occurs when viral infections cause myocarditis with a resulting thickening of the myocardium and dilation of the ventricles. These viruses include Coxsackie B and adenovirus, echoviruses, influenza H1N1, Epstein–Barr virus, rubella (German measles virus), varicella (chickenpox virus), mumps, measles, parvoviruses, yellow fever, dengue fever, polio, rabies, and the ...
The disease is the leading cause of acquired heart disease in children in developed countries, which include the formation of coronary artery aneurysms and myocarditis. [ 1 ] [ 7 ] While the specific cause is unknown, it is thought to result from an excessive immune response to particular infections in children who are genetically predisposed ...
The cause is typically a bacterial infection and less commonly a fungal infection. [3] Risk factors include valvular heart disease including rheumatic disease, congenital heart disease, artificial valves, hemodialysis, intravenous drug use, and electronic pacemakers. [5] The bacteria most commonly involved are streptococci or staphylococci. [3]
[2] Other strains of streptococci can cause subacute endocarditis as well. These include streptococcus intermedius, which can cause acute or subacute infection (about 15% of cases pertaining to infective endocarditis). [7] Enterococci from urinary tract infections and coagulase negative staphylococci can also be causative agents. [5]
The duration of problems can vary from hours to months. Complications may include heart failure due to dilated cardiomyopathy or cardiac arrest. [1] Myocarditis is most often due to a viral infection. [1] Other causes include bacterial infections, certain medications, toxins and autoimmune disorders.
It is the second-leading cause of death in non-coronary intensive care unit (ICU) and the tenth-most-common cause of death overall (the first being heart disease). [111] Children under 12 months of age and elderly people have the highest incidence of severe sepsis. [30]
Acutely, it can cause pericardial effusion leading to cardiac tamponade and death. After healing, there may be fibrosis and adhesion of the pericardium with the heart leading to constriction of the heart and reduced cardiac function. Myocarditis: Here the muscle bulk of the heart gets inflamed. Inflamed muscles have reduced functional capacity.