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Tooth wear is predominantly the result of a combination of three processes; attrition, abrasion and erosion. [3] These forms of tooth wear can further lead to a condition known as abfraction , [ 3 ] where by tooth tissue is 'fractured' due to stress lesions caused by extrinsic forces on the enamel.
Thus, if erosion and bruxism both exist, surface loss due to attrition is faster. Severe attrition in young patients is usually associated with erosive factors in their diets. [7] The different physiological processes of tooth wear (abrasion, attrition and erosion) usually occur simultaneously and rarely work individually.
The aetiology of dental abrasion can be due to a single stimulus or, as in most cases, multi-factorial. [6] The most common cause of dental abrasion is the combination of mechanical and chemical wear. Tooth brushing is the most common cause of dental abrasion, which is found to develop along the gingival margin, due to vigorous brushing in this ...
This article was the first to establish abfraction as a new form of lesion, differing from abrasion, attrition, and erosion. [2] Tooth tissue is gradually weakened causing tissue loss through fracture and chipping or successively worn away leaving a non-carious lesion on the tooth surface.
Acid erosion is a type of tooth wear.It is defined as the irreversible loss of tooth structure due to chemical dissolution by acids not of bacterial origin. [1] Dental erosion is the most common chronic condition of children ages 5–17, [2] although it is only relatively recently that it has been recognised as a dental health problem. [3]
Non-carious cervical lesions on an incisor belonging to Australopithecus africanus. Arrows show the location of the lesions. Non-carious cervical lesions (NCCLs) are a group of lesions that are characterised by a loss of hard dental tissue at the cementoenamel junction (CEJ) region at the neck of the tooth, without the action of microorganisms or inflammatory processes. [1]
Receding gums can be a sign of long-term trauma from excessive or forceful toothbrushing or abrasive toothpaste (dental abrasion), or a sign of chronic periodontitis (gum disease). [10] A less common cause is acid erosion , which is the loss of hard dental tissues due to acids e.g. related to gastroesophageal reflux disease , bulimia or ...
Abfraction is another type of tooth wear that is postulated to occur with bruxism, although some still argue whether this type of tooth wear is a reality. [15] Abfraction cavities are said to occur usually on the facial aspect of teeth, in the cervical region as V-shaped defects caused by flexing of the tooth under occlusal forces.