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Mean inter-particle distance (or mean inter-particle separation) is the mean distance between microscopic particles (usually atoms or molecules) in a macroscopic body.
In physics, mean free path is the average distance over which a moving particle (such as an atom, a molecule, or a photon) travels before substantially changing its direction or energy (or, in a specific context, other properties), typically as a result of one or more successive collisions with other particles.
An alternative definition of this parameter is given by the average number of electrons in a plasma contained within a Debye sphere (a sphere of radius the Debye length). This definition of the plasma parameter is more frequently (and appropriately) called the Debye number, and is denoted N D {\displaystyle N_{\text{D}}} .
The mean free path of a molecule in a gas is the average distance between its collision with other molecules. This is inversely proportional to the pressure of the gas, given constant temperature. In air at STP the mean free path of molecules is about 96 nm.
For massless (or highly relativistic) particles, the thermal wavelength is defined as = / = /,. where c is the speed of light. As with the thermal wavelength for massive particles, this is of the order of the average wavelength of the particles in the gas and defines a critical point at which quantum effects begin to dominate.
Nuclear interaction length is the mean distance travelled by a hadronic particle before undergoing an inelastic nuclear interaction. ... Particle Data Group site
Defining equation (physical chemistry) List of electromagnetism equations; List of equations in classical mechanics; List of equations in quantum mechanics; List of equations in wave theory; List of photonics equations; List of relativistic equations; Relativistic wave equations
In particle physics, the radiation length is a characteristic of a material, related to the energy loss of high energy particles electromagnetically interacting with it. It is defined as the mean length (in cm) into the material at which the energy of an electron is reduced by the factor 1/ e .