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Heitstrenging (pl. heitstrengingar) is an Old Norse practice of swearing of a solemn oath to perform a future action. They were often performed at Yule and other large social events, where they played a role in establishing and maintaining good relationships principally between members of the aristocratic warrior elite.
The association with the Yule blót and with the ceremonial bragarfull gives the vows great solemnity, so that they have the force of oaths.This becomes a recurring topos in later sagas, [6] although we have only these two saga mentions attesting to the custom of making vows on the sacrificial animal.
A detail from the Stora Hammars I stone, an image stone on Gotland A detail from the Smiss (I) stone, an image stone on Gotland. Hjaðningavíg (the 'battle of the Heodenings' [1]), the legend of Heðinn and Hǫgni or the Saga of Hild is a Germanic heroic legend about a never-ending battle which is documented in Sörla þáttr, Ragnarsdrápa, Gesta Danorum, Skíðaríma and in Skáldskaparmál.
In the modern sense, heiti are distinguished from kennings in that a heiti is a simple word, whereas a kenning is a circumlocution in the form of a phrase or compound word; thus mækir is a heiti for "sword" (the usual word in prose is sverð), whereas grand hlífar "bane of shield" and ben-fúrr "wound-fire" are kennings for "sword".
In Norse mythology, Lævateinn is a weapon crafted by Loki mentioned in the Poetic Edda poem Fjölsvinnsmál.The name Lævateinn does not appear in the original manuscript reading, but is an emendation from Hævateinn made by Sophus Bugge and others.
Soldiers taking an oath at the Market Square in Prudnik, 2024. In 1992 the oath was changed again and significantly shortened. There is only one oath for all denominations, although each soldier can omit the last line according to their own beliefs. [7]
Charles and Louis met in February 842 near modern Strasbourg [4] to affirm their alliance by swearing a joint oath against Lothair. [5] The following year the civil war would end with the Treaty of Verdun, in which the three claimants partitioned the Empire amongst themselves.
In a 1935 revision to the pledge, Gretter widened the role of the nurse by including an oath to become a "missioner of health" dedicated to the advancement of "human welfare"—an expansion of nurses' bedside focus to an approach that encompassed public health. [1] US nurses have recited the pledge at pinning ceremonies for decades. In recent ...