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Programming with Big Data in R (pbdR) [1] is a series of R packages and an environment for statistical computing with big data by using high-performance statistical computation. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] The pbdR uses the same programming language as R with S3/S4 classes and methods which is used among statisticians and data miners for developing statistical ...
In Python NumPy arrays implement the flatten method, [note 1] while in R the desired effect can be achieved via the c() or as.vector() functions. In R, function vec() of package 'ks' allows vectorization and function vech() implemented in both packages 'ks' and 'sn' allows half-vectorization. [2] [3] [4]
In statistical learning point of view, the matrix completion problem is an application of matrix regularization which is a generalization of vector regularization. For example, in the low-rank matrix completion problem one may apply the regularization penalty taking the form of a nuclear norm () = ‖ ‖
The tidyverse is a collection of open source packages for the R programming language introduced by Hadley Wickham [1] and his team that "share an underlying design philosophy, grammar, and data structures" of tidy data. [2] Characteristic features of tidyverse packages include extensive use of non-standard evaluation and encouraging piping. [3 ...
R is a programming language for statistical computing and data visualization. It has been adopted in the fields of data mining, bioinformatics and data analysis. [9] The core R language is augmented by a large number of extension packages, containing reusable code, documentation, and sample data. R software is open-source and free software.
The group of packages strives to provide a cohesive collection of functions to deal with common data science tasks, including data import, cleaning, transformation and visualisation (notably with the ggplot2 package). The R Infrastructure packages [31] support coding and the development of R packages and as of 2021-05-04, Metacran [17] lists 16 ...
dplyr is an R package whose set of functions are designed to enable dataframe (a spreadsheet-like data structure) manipulation in an intuitive, user-friendly way. It is one of the core packages of the popular tidyverse set of packages in the R programming language. [1]
The sample covariance matrix (SCM) is an unbiased and efficient estimator of the covariance matrix if the space of covariance matrices is viewed as an extrinsic convex cone in R p×p; however, measured using the intrinsic geometry of positive-definite matrices, the SCM is a biased and inefficient estimator. [1]