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In addition to respiratory failure and accidents caused by its effects on the central nervous system, alcohol causes significant metabolic derangements. Hypoglycaemia occurs due to ethanol's inhibition of gluconeogenesis , especially in children, and may cause lactic acidosis , ketoacidosis , and acute kidney injury .
Alcohol products: Natural sugars present in grapes; Fermented: Wine , cider and perry are produced by similar fermentation of natural sugar in apples and pears , respectively; and other fruit wines are produced from the fermentation of the sugars in any other kinds of fruit.
First, methanol (whether it enters the body by ingestion, inhalation, or absorption through the skin) can be fatal due to its CNS depressant properties in the same manner as ethanol poisoning. Second, in a process of toxication , it is metabolized to formic acid (which is present as the formate ion) via formaldehyde in a process initiated by ...
Alcohol levels within the body are usually detected through blood or breath. The best way to identify endogenous ethanol in the bloodstream is through gas chromatography. In gas chromatography the breath or blood is heated so that the different components of the vapor or blood separate. The volatile compounds then pass through a chromatograph ...
Because the body does not manufacture certain fatty acids (termed essential fatty acids), they must be obtained through one's diet. Ethanol is not an essential nutrient, but it does provide calories. The United States Department of Agriculture uses a figure of 6.93 kilocalories (29.0 kJ) per gram of alcohol (5.47 kcal or 22.9 kJ per ml ) for ...
In others, once potential nutrients or food is inside the organism, digestion can be conducted to a vesicle or a sac-like structure, through a tube, or through several specialized organs aimed at making the absorption of nutrients more efficient. Schematic drawing of bacterial conjugation. 1-Donor cell produces pilus.
These sugars are transported to non-photosynthetic parts of the plant, such as the roots, or into storage structures, such as tubers or bulbs. [14] During the plant's growth period, usually during the spring, storage organs such as the roots are sugar sources, and the plant's many growing areas are sugar sinks. The movement in phloem is ...
To photosynthesize, plants must absorb CO 2 from the atmosphere. However, this comes at a price: while stomata are open to allow CO 2 to enter, water can evaporate. [33] Water is lost much faster than CO 2 is absorbed, so plants need to replace it, and have developed systems to transport water from the moist soil to the site of photosynthesis. [33]