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LDL particles are approximately 22 nm (0.00000087 in.) to 27.5 nm in diameter and have a mass of about 3 million daltons. [7] Since LDL particles contain a variable and changing number of fatty acid molecules, there is a distribution of LDL particle mass and size. [4]
Dyslipidemia. Dyslipidemia is when the lipids in your blood are too high or too low. Estimates suggest that 53 percent of adults in the U.S. have lipid abnormalities.. Lipids are a type of fat ...
Low-density lipoproteins (LDL) carry 3,000 to 6,000 fat molecules (phospholipids, cholesterol, triglycerides, etc.) around the body. LDL particles are sometimes referred to as "bad" lipoprotein because concentrations of two kinds of LDL (sd-LDL and LPA), correlate with atherosclerosis progression.
The liver converts unburned food metabolites into very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) and secretes them into plasma where they are converted to intermediate-density lipoproteins(IDL), which thereafter are converted to low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particles and non-esterified fatty acids, which can affect other body cells.
Simvastatin is an effective serum lipid-lowering drug that can decrease low density lipoprotein (LDL) levels by up to 50%. [ citation needed ] Simvastatin had been shown to interact with lipid-lowering transcription factor PPAR-alpha [ 36 ] and that interaction might control the neurotrophic action of the drug.
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For example, very-low-density lipoproteins carry the triglycerides synthesized by our body and low-density lipoproteins (LDL) transport cholesterol to our peripheral tissues. [6] [1] A number of these lipoproteins are synthesized in the liver, but not all of them originate from this organ. [1]
The uptake of LDL-C alone does not cause foam cell formation; however, the co-internalization of LDL-C with modified LDL in macrophages can result in foam cell development. Modified LDL affects the intracellular trafficking and metabolism of native LDL, such that not all LDL need to be modified for foam cell formation when LDL levels are high. [13]