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Dual control theory is a branch of control theory that deals with the control of systems whose characteristics are initially unknown. [1] [2] It is called dual because in controlling such a system the controller's objectives are twofold: (1) Action: To control the system as well as possible based on current system knowledge
A cross-domain solution (CDS) is an integrated information assurance system composed of specialized software or hardware that provides a controlled interface to manually or automatically enable and/or restrict the access or transfer of information between two or more security domains based on a predetermined security policy.
The simplest form of dual key security is a lock that requires two keys to open, with each key held by a different person. The lock can only be opened if both parties agree to do so at the same time. In 1963, Canada accepted having American W-40 nuclear warheads under dual key control on Canadian soil, to be used on the Canadian BOMARC missiles.
Systematic is a multinational software company based in Aarhus, Denmark. [1] It specialises in systems that support decision-making. [2] Primarily, these have been command and control (C2) systems for commanders in armed forces. [3] [4] By 2023, its battlefield management system was reported to be used by 45 nations. [5]
Lebanon’s economy follows a laissez-faire model. [1] Most of the economy is dollarized , and the country has no restrictions on the movement of capital across its borders. [ 1 ] The Lebanese government’s intervention in foreign trade is minimal.
Multilevel security or multiple levels of security (MLS) is the application of a computer system to process information with incompatible classifications (i.e., at different security levels), permit access by users with different security clearances and needs-to-know, and prevent users from obtaining access to information for which they lack authorization.
Multiple Independent Levels of Security/Safety (MILS) is a high-assurance security architecture based on the concepts of separation [1] and controlled information flow. It is implemented by separation mechanisms that support both untrusted and trustworthy components; ensuring that the total security solution is non-bypassable, evaluatable, always invoked, and tamperproof.
This security model, also known as the Chinese wall model, was designed to provide controls that mitigate conflict of interest in commercial organizations and is built upon an information flow model. In the Brewer and Nash model, no information can flow between the subjects and objects in a way that would create a conflict of interest.