Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
Telomerase activation has been observed in ~90% of all human tumors, [48] suggesting that the immortality conferred by telomerase plays a key role in cancer development. Of the tumors without TERT activation, [49] most employ a separate pathway to maintain telomere length termed Alternative Lengthening of Telomeres (ALT). [50]
This occurs through telomerase activation or the activation of a telomere-recombination pathway (i.e., the ALT pathway). [ 22 ] [ 25 ] Thus, cancer cells have short telomeres because they progress through an intermediate stage of telomere shortening—caused by division after DNA damage checkpoint inactivation—before enabling mechanisms for ...
The functionality and efficiency of a reprogrammed iPS cell is determined by the ability of the cell to re-activate the telomerase complex and elongate its telomeres allowing for self-renewal. hTERT is a major limiting component of the telomerase complex and a deficiency of intact hTERT impedes the activity of telomerase, making iPS cells an ...
In most multicellular eukaryotic organisms, telomerase is active only in germ cells, some types of stem cells such as embryonic stem cells, and certain white blood cells. [9] Telomerase can be reactivated and telomeres restored to the embryonic state by somatic cell nuclear transfer. [18]
Telomerase RNA component, also known as TR, TER or TERC, is an ncRNA found in eukaryotes that is a component of telomerase, the enzyme used to extend telomeres. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] TERC serves as a template for telomere replication ( reverse transcription ) by telomerase.
Telomerase activity is regulated by protection of telomeres 1 ... Upon activation of ATM kinase, p53 is triggered to induce cell cycle arrest and initiate apoptosis.
TERRA-Telomerase Interaction at Long Telomeres. At cells with long telomeres, TERRA is proposed to act as a negative regulator of telomerase activity. This direct inhibitor function acts through base-pairing of the tandem repeats found throughout TERRA's 3'-end to the complementary RNA template region of telomerase. [6]
The RNA component of telomerase anneals to the single stranded 3' end of the template DNA and contains 1.5 copies of the telomeric sequence. [93] Telomerase contains a protein subunit that is a reverse transcriptase called telomerase reverse transcriptase or TERT. TERT synthesizes DNA until the end of the template telomerase RNA and then ...