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Liver failure; Pancreatitis (these two usually occur in first 6 months and can be fatal); Leukopenia (low white blood cell count); Neutropenia (low neutrophil count); Pure red cell aplasia
Reversible dementia; Reversible cerebral atrophy; Abnormal behaviour [b]; Psychomotor hyperactivity [b]; Learning disorder [b]; Hyperammonaemia; Hypothyroidism; Bone marrow failure
Valproate (valproic acid, VPA, sodium valproate, and valproate semisodium forms) are medications primarily used to treat epilepsy and bipolar disorder and prevent migraine headaches. [7] They are useful for the prevention of seizures in those with absence seizures , partial seizures , and generalized seizures . [ 7 ]
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The Maternal Outcomes and Neurodevelopmental Effects of Antiepileptic Drugs (MONEAD) study showed that most blood concentrations in breastfed infants of mothers taking carbamazepine, oxcarbazepine, valproate, levetiracetam, and topiramate were quite low, especially in relationship to the mother's level and what the fetal level would have been ...
These side effects tend to disappear over time. [3] According to studies conducted in Finland in patients with epilepsy, valproate may increase testosterone levels in teenage girls and produce polycystic ovary syndrome in women who began taking the medication before age 20. Increased testosterone can lead to polycystic ovary syndrome with ...
Women who intend to become pregnant should switch to a different medication if possible or decrease their dose of valproate. [23] Women who become pregnant while taking valproate should be warned that it causes birth defects and cognitive impairment in the newborn, especially at high doses (although valproate is sometimes the only drug that can ...
Lithium treatment is also associated with adverse effects and it has been shown to erode kidney and thyroid function over extended periods. [17] Valproate has become a commonly prescribed treatment and effectively treats manic episodes. [147] Carbamazepine is less effective in preventing relapse than lithium or valproate.