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'Cleopatra father-loving goddess'; [note 4] 70/69 BC – 10 August 30 BC) was Queen of the Ptolemaic Kingdom of Egypt from 51 to 30 BC, and the last active Hellenistic pharaoh. [ note 5 ] A member of the Ptolemaic dynasty , she was a descendant of its founder Ptolemy I Soter , a Macedonian Greek general and companion of Alexander the Great .
She was sole ruler of Egypt from 131 BC to 127 BC. Her final reign from 124 BC to 116/5 BC was also spent in coregency with Ptolemy VIII and Cleopatra III. She was the first Ptolemaic queen known for certain to rule in her own right, and thus first confirmed female Pharaoh of Egypt since Tausret's reign during New Kingdom period.
Cleopatra VII was born in early 69 BC to the Ptolemaic pharaoh Ptolemy XII Auletes and an uncertain mother, [4] presumably Ptolemy XII's cousin or sister-wife Cleopatra V Tryphaena [5] [6] [7] [nb 1] Ptolemy XII was given the epithet "Auletes" ("the flute-player") due to his adoption of the title "New Dionysos" and his reported flute-playing ...
Women who were dating their regnal years in royal protocols (alongside their co-rulers or independently) and thus were unquestionable Pharaohs were: [5] Cleopatra II (170-164, 163–127, 124-116 BC) initially Queen consort, then Queen regnant alongside her brother-husband Ptolemy VI, her younger brother (later husband) Ptolemy VIII, her son ...
First pharaoh with a full Golden Horus name. Interest and trade with Egypt's North Eastern borders appears to have been renewed during Djer's reign. [36] 41 years, c. 3000 BC [38] Djet [39] Ita Greek form: Ouenephes. Indications show that Djet did not reign for long. [40] 10 years, c. 2980 BC [41] Merneith — Possibly the first female pharaoh ...
Archaeologists have found a white marble statue of a woman wearing a royal crown under the walls of an ancient temple and suspect it may be of the famous Egyptian queen Cleopatra VII.. The dig ...
When the Greeks Ruled Egypt: From Alexander the Great to Cleopatra. Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0691165547. A. Lampela, Rome and the Ptolemies of Egypt: The development of their political relations 273–80 B.C. (Helsinki, 1998). J. G. Manning, The Last Pharaohs: Egypt Under the Ptolemies, 305–30 BC (Princeton, 2009).
Cleopatra, born in 69 B.C., was crowned the queen of Egypt at just 18-years-old upon the death of her father, Ptolemy XII. Together, her and her 10-year-old brother, Ptolemy XIII ruled Egypt.