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The 9×19mm Parabellum (also known as 9mm Luger, 9mm NATO or simply 9mm) is a rimless, centerfire, tapered firearms cartridge. Originally designed by Austrian firearm designer Georg Luger in 1901, [ 6 ] it is widely considered the most popular handgun and submachine gun cartridge due to its low cost, adequate stopping power and extensive ...
Bolt thrust or breech pressure is a term used in internal ballistics and firearms (whether small arms or artillery) that describes the amount of rearward force exerted by the propellant gases on the bolt or breech of a firearm action or breech when a projectile is fired.
Terminal ballistics is a sub-field of ballistics concerned with the behavior and effects of a projectile when it hits and transfers its energy to a target. Bullet design (as well as the velocity of impact) largely determines the effectiveness of penetration.
External ballistics or exterior ballistics is the part of ballistics that deals with the behavior of a projectile in flight. The projectile may be powered or un-powered, guided or unguided, spin or fin stabilized, flying through an atmosphere or in the vacuum of space, but most certainly flying under the influence of a gravitational field.
Example of a ballistic table for a given 7.62×51mm NATO load. Bullet drop and wind drift are shown both in mrad and MOA.. A ballistic table or ballistic chart, also known as the data of previous engagements (DOPE) chart, is a reference data chart used in long-range shooting to predict the trajectory of a projectile and compensate for physical effects of gravity and wind drift, in order to ...
Internal ballistics (also interior ballistics), a subfield of ballistics, is the study of the propulsion of a projectile. In guns , internal ballistics covers the time from the propellant 's ignition until the projectile exits the gun barrel . [ 1 ]
This is a list of firearm cartridges that have bullets in the 9 millimeters (0.35 in) to 9.99 millimeters (0.393 in) caliber range.. Case length refers to the round case length.
See terminal ballistics for a fuller discussion of these effects. Bulletproof vests work by dissipating the bullet's energy in another way; the vest's material, usually Aramid ( Kevlar or Twaron ), works by presenting a series of material layers which catch the bullet and spread its imparted force over a larger area, hopefully bringing it to a ...