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A façade or facade (/ fəˈsɑːd / ⓘ; [1] ) is generally the front part or exterior of a building. It is a loanword from the French façade (pronounced [fasad]), which means "frontage" or "face". In architecture, the façade of a building is often the most important aspect from a design standpoint, as it sets the tone for the rest of the ...
Its archetypal form, sometimes incorporating or implying the projection of beams, rafters or trusses over the exterior of supporting walls, is the underside of eaves (to connect a supporting wall to projecting edge(s) of the roof). The vertical band at the edge of the roof is called a fascia. A soffit of an arch is frequently called an intrados.
In Middle Byzantine architecture "cloisonné masonry" refers to walls built with a regular mix of stone and brick, often with more of the latter. The exterior of the 11th- or 12th-century Pammakaristos Church in Istanbul is an example, though it is even more renowned for Late Byzantine additions discussed below.
Curtain wall (architecture) A building project in Wuhan, China, demonstrating the relationship between the inner load-bearing structure and an exterior glass curtain wall. Curtain walls are also used on residential structures. A curtain wall is an exterior covering of a building in which the outer walls are non-structural, instead serving to ...
Exterior insulation and finish system (EIFS) is a general class of non- load bearing building cladding systems that provides exterior walls with an insulated, water-resistant, finished surface in an integrated composite material system. EIFS has been in use since the 1960s in North America and was first used on masonry buildings.
Parapet. A parapet is a barrier that is an upward extension of a wall at the edge of a roof, [1] terrace, balcony, walkway or other structure. The word comes ultimately from the Italian parapetto (parare 'to cover/defend' and petto 'chest/breast'). Where extending above a roof, a parapet may simply be the portion of an exterior wall that ...
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Stucco. Stucco or render is a construction material made of aggregates, a binder, and water. Stucco is applied wet and hardens to a very dense solid. It is used as a decorative coating for walls and ceilings, exterior walls, and as a sculptural and artistic material in architecture. Stucco can be applied on construction materials such as metal ...