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'sacred verses'), or shortly the Kural (Tamil: குறள்), is a classic Tamil language text on commoner's morality consisting of 1,330 short couplets, or kurals, of seven words each. [4] The text is divided into three books with aphoristic teachings on virtue ( aram ), wealth ( porul ) and love ( inbam ), respectively.
One of the two chief names that the work is known by today. 3: அறம் (Aṟam) Variant: தமிழறம் (Tamiḻaṟam) Virtue Tamil virtue: Alathur Kilar [1] Purananuru, verse 34 (c. 1st century BCE–5th century CE) Denotes that the entire work was written keeping virtue as the base. 4: குறள் (Kuṛaḷ) The couplets
In the Tamil epic Silappadikaram (c. 2nd-century), she is said to be the goddess of the Pālai region. Her name is derived from the Tamil word korram , which means "victory, success, bravery". [ 7 ] The earliest references to Kotravai are found in the ancient Tamil grammar Tolkappiyam , considered to be the earliest work of the ancient Sangam ...
The Tirukkural belongs to the Late-Sangam period and has been listed as one of the chief text of the Sangam corpus.However, scholars find it difficult to ascertain the exact period of the text and its author and have employed, besides archaeological research, various historical references and linguistic methodologies to arrive at a date.
The Kural remains the most reviewed work of the Tamil literature, with almost every scholar down the ages having written commentaries on it.Of the several hundred commentaries written on the didactic work over the centuries, the commentaries written by a group of ten medieval scholars are considered to have high literary value.
Keeladi excavation site in Tamil Nadu found with Tamil inscriptions in various structures and artifacts, on pottery with Tamil names such as Aathan, Uthiran, Kuviran-Aathan and Thisan. [5] [6] Anaikoddai seal (steatite seal), Tamil inscriptions mixed in with Megalithic Graffiti Symbols found in Anaikoddai, Sri Lanka, c. 1000 BCE – c. 300 BCE ...
Tiruvalluva Malai is a collection of verses said to have been composed by gods, goddesses, and poets of different times, all belonging to the legendary Tamil Sangam at Madurai. [3] [16] A total of 55 poets have composed their encomia in 55 verse in the collection, all written several centuries after the composition of the Kural text. [17]
The names of the Pandyan kings who issued this series of coins is not clear. [77] Another series of coins, all made of copper and found near Madurai, have the fish symbol on the reverse and among other symbols on the obverse, have the legend Peruvaluthi written in the Tamil-Brahmi script. They have been assigned a date of around 200 BCE and are ...