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J. Elsner, "From the Culture of Spolia to the Cult of Relics: The Arch of Constantine and the Genesis of Late Antique Forms," Papers of the British School at Rome 68 (2000), 149–84. A. Esch, "Spolien: Zum Wiederverwendung antike Baustücke und Skulpturen in mittelalterlichen Italien," Archiv für Kunstgeschichte 51 (1969), 2–64.
The term is generally used by critics of a national government. It has been used variously in the past to describe the Russian government under Boris Yeltsin and later, under Vladimir Putin, [10] the government of Egypt under Abdel Fattah Al-Sisi, [11] governments in sub-Saharan Africa, [12] the government of the Philippines under Rodrigo Duterte, [13] and the governments under some United ...
The generalized meaning of genocide is similar to the ordinary meaning but also includes government killings of political opponents or otherwise intentional murder. In order to avoid confusion over which meaning is intended, Rummel created democide for this third meaning.
2. The space between two arches or between an arch and a rectangular enclosure. Spere The fixed structure between the great hall and the screens passage in an English medieval timber house. Spire A tapering conical or pyramidal structure on the top of a building. Splay
The counter-arch can be used, for example, when constructing the flying buttress, [6] buttressing arches built between the opposing building facades over narrow streets of old cities; [ 7 ] [ 8 ] in fortification, an arch built on the tops of counterforts behind the bastion walls intended to limit the scope of the potential wall breaching; [ 9 ]
The statement includes eleven numbered principles, prefixed: [1] In developing a consensus on non-binding principles to assist in resolving issues relating to Nazi-confiscated art, the Conference recognizes that among participating nations there are differing legal systems and that countries act within the context of their own laws.
In architecture, an accolade is an embellished arch found most typically in late Gothic architecture. The term comes from French ( l'accolade ), referencing a "braced" arch. [ 1 ] It is also known as an ogee arch ( English ), un arco conopial ( Spanish ), resaunt ( Middle English ), arco carenato or inflesso ( Italian ), and kielbogen ( German ).
Square-topped windows are often set in groups, with two or three beneath a single lintel. Round-topped windows are often paired under a wide arch, and separated by stone mullions or colonnettes. In Sicily there are a number of palaces and churches where the pointed arch is used during this period, apparently adopted from Islamic architecture.