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An arteriovenous fistula is an abnormal connection or passageway between an artery and a vein. [1] It may be congenital , surgically created for hemodialysis treatments, or acquired due to pathologic process, such as trauma or erosion of an arterial aneurysm .
The procedure was invented by doctors James Cimino and M. J. Brescia at the Bronx Veterans Administration Hospital in 1966. [6] Before the Cimino fistula was invented, access was through a Scribner shunt, which consisted of a Teflon tube with a needle at each end. Between treatments, the needles were left in place and the tube allowed blood ...
An arteriovenous graft serving as a fistula for hemodialysis access. A vascular bypass is often created to serve as an access point to the circulatory system for hemodialysis. Such a bypass is referred to as an arteriovenous fistula if it directly connects a vein to an artery without using synthetic material. [citation needed]
A radiocephalic fistula. Illustration depicting AV fistula during hemodialysis. AV (arteriovenous) fistulas are recognized as the preferred access method. To create a fistula, a vascular surgeon joins an artery and a vein together through anastomosis. Since this bypasses the capillaries, blood flows rapidly through the fistula. One can feel ...
Vascular access steal syndrome is a syndrome caused by ischemia (not enough blood flow) resulting from a vascular access device (such as an arteriovenous fistula or synthetic vascular graft–AV fistula) that was installed to provide access for the inflow and outflow of blood during hemodialysis.
2 Procedure. 3 References. Toggle the table of contents. ... A short distal bypass is created and the artery just distal to the AV anastomosis is ligated. References
Type I dural arteriovenous fistulas are supplied by meningeal arteries and drain into a meningeal vein or dural venous sinus. The flow within the draining vein or venous sinus is anterograde. Type Ia Archived 2007-03-12 at the Wayback Machine – simple dural arteriovenous fistulas have a single meningeal arterial supply
A fistula can result from an infection, inflammation, injury or surgery. [5] Many result from complications during childbirth. Sometimes a fistula is deliberately surgically created as part of a treatment, for example in the case of an arteriovenous fistula for hemodialysis. [6]
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