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2. Element (criminal law) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Element_(criminal_law)

   In most common law jurisdictions, an element of a crime is one of a set of facts that must all be proven to convict a defendant of a crime. Before a court finds a defendant guilty of a criminal offense, the prosecution must present evidence that, even when opposed by any evidence the defense may choose, is credible and sufficient to prove beyond a reasonable doubt that the defendant committed ...

3. Totality of the circumstances - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Totality_of_the_circumstances

   In the law, the totality of the circumstances test refers to a method of analysis where decisions are based on all available information rather than bright-line rules. [1] Under the totality of the circumstances test, courts focus "on all the circumstances of a particular case, rather than any one factor". [ 2 ]

4. Criminal law of the United States - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Criminal_law_of_the_United...

   The criminal law of the United States is a manifold system of laws and practices that connects crimes and consequences. In comparison, civil law addresses non-criminal disputes. The system varies considerably by jurisdiction, but conforms to the US Constitution . [ 1 ]

5. Title 18 of the United States Code - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Title_18_of_the_United...

   Title 18 of the United States Code is the main criminal code of the federal government of the United States. [1] The Title deals with federal crimes and criminal procedure.In its coverage, Title 18 is similar to most U.S. state criminal codes, typically referred to by names such as Penal Code, Criminal Code, or Crimes Code. [2]

6. Criminal code - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Criminal_code

   A criminal code or penal code is a document that compiles all, or a significant amount of, a particular jurisdiction's criminal law.Typically a criminal code will contain offences that are recognised in the jurisdiction, penalties that might be imposed for these offences, and some general provisions (such as definitions and prohibitions on retroactive prosecution).

7. United States criminal procedure - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_criminal...

   The United States Constitution, including the United States Bill of Rights and subsequent amendments, contains the following provisions regarding criminal procedure. Due to the incorporation of the Bill of Rights, all of these provisions apply equally to criminal proceedings in state courts, with the exception of the Grand Jury Clause of the Fifth Amendment, the Vicinage Clause of the Sixth ...

8. Probable cause - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Probable_cause

   In United States criminal law, probable cause is the legal standard by which police authorities have reason to obtain a warrant for the arrest of a suspected criminal and for a court's issuing of a search warrant. [1] One definition of the standard derives from the U.S. Supreme Court decision in the case of Beck v.

9. Principle of legality in criminal law - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principle_of_legality_in...

   The principle of legality in criminal law [1] was developed in the eighteenth century by the Italian criminal lawyer Cesare Beccaria and holds that no one can be convicted of a crime without a previously published legal text which clearly describes the crime (Latin: nulla poena sine lege, lit. 'no punishment without law