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Machu Picchu lies in the Southern Hemisphere, 13.111 degrees south of the equator. [95] It is 80 kilometers (50 miles) northwest of Cusco, on the crest of the mountain Machu Picchu, located about 2,430 meters (7,970 feet) above mean sea level, over 1,000 meters (3,300 ft) lower than Cusco, which has an elevation of 3,400 meters (11,200 ft). [95]
The Historic Sanctuary of Machu Picchu [2] is a protected area in Peru covering over 35,000 hectares. It includes the natural environment surrounding the Machu Picchu archaeological site, located in the rugged cloud forest of the Yungas on the eastern slope of the Peruvian Andes and along both banks of the Urubamba River, which flows northwest in this section.
[6] It is one of the most important archeological constructions around the Machu Picchu site. [7] Inti Punku was once the main entrance to Machu Picchu, in particular it was the primary approach from the then capital city of Cusco to the southeast. [8] The gate likely would have been protected by Incan military.
The official name [2] comes from Quechua Machu Pikchu from machu old, old person, pikchu pyramid; mountain; or prominence with a broad base that ends in sharp peaks. [3] The addition of "pueblo" comes from the Spanish word for town. [4] It was formerly called Aguas Calientes meaning "hot waters" or "hot springs".
The famous royal estate of Machu Picchu (Machu Pikchu) is a surviving example of Inca architecture. Other significant sites include Sacsayhuamán and Ollantaytambo . The Incas also developed an extensive road system spanning most of the western length of the continent and placed their distinctive architecture along the way, thereby visually ...
Most archaeologists now believe that the famous Inca site of Machu Picchu was built as an estate for Pachacuti. [2] In Quechua, the cosmogonical concept of pachakutiy means "the turn of the world" [3] and yupanki could mean "honorable lord". [4]
Intihuatana (possibly from in the Quechua spelling Inti Watana or Intiwatana) [1] [2] at the archaeological site of Machu Picchu (Machu Pikchu) is a notable ritual stone associated with the astronomic clock or calendar of the Inca in South America. Machu Picchu was thought to have been built c. 1450 by the Sapa Inca Pachacuti as a country ...
The Incas are renowned for their precision in stone masonry. The architecture was a means of bringing order to untamed areas and the people of the Andes region. Machu Picchu, located in the Sacred Valley, is an example of the Incas adapting building strategies that acknowledge the topography of the area.