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Bernard of Clairvaux, O.Cist. (Latin: Bernardus Claraevallensis; 1090 – 20 August 1153), venerated as Saint Bernard, was an abbot, mystic, co-founder of the Knights Templar, [a] and a major leader in the reform of the Benedictines through the nascent Cistercian Order.
Saint Bernard refers primarily to Bernard of Clairvaux (1090–1153), a Christian saint, mystic, and reformer of the Cistercian order. Another prominent meaning is St. Bernard (dog), a breed of dog. St. Bernard, St Bernard or San Bernard may also refer to:
The St. Bernard or Saint Bernard (UK: / ˈ b ɜːr n ər d /, US: / b ər ˈ n ɑːr d /) is a breed of very large working dog from the Western Alps in Italy and Switzerland. [3] They were originally bred for rescue work by the hospice of the Great St Bernard Pass on the Italian-Swiss border.
Jesu dulcis memoria is a Christian hymn often attributed to Saint Bernard of Clairvaux. The name can refer either to the entire poem, which, depending on the manuscript, ranges from forty-two to fifty-three stanzas, or only the first part. [1] The hymn inspired other variants, such as the "De nomine Iesu."
The Eight Verses of St. Bernard are excerpts from psalms which, when recited, were said to have saved souls and guaranteed a holy death. Popular in the Late Middle Ages, the origins of the devotion and details of wthe are unknown. Legends attribute the selection and propagation of the devotion to Bernard of Clairvaux. [1]
St. Bernard had become mentor to popes and kings, and in 1145, King Louis VII's brother, Henry of France, entered Clairvaux. [54] That same year, Bernard saw one of his monks elected pope as Pope Eugene III. [55] Eugene was an Italian of humble background, who had first been drawn to monasticism at Clairvaux by the magnetism of Bernard.
The first section deals directly with the Knights Templar. Bernard puts his weight firmly behind the Templars by comparing them with the regular knights of the age. He criticizes the ordinary knights for their vanity, wanton violence, and pointlessness. In contrast, he praises the Templars as noble, following a higher calling, fearless, and holy.
Fr. Claude Bernard, known as the "Poor Priest", zealously dedicated himself to the preaching and aiding of prisoners and criminals condemned to death. Trusting his charges to the care and intercession of the Blessed Virgin Mary, Fr. Bernard employed the Memorare extensively in his work of evangelization to great effect.