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The black squares must be arranged so as to (1) ensure there are no two-letter words; (2) form 180-degree rotational symmetry (so that if the grid is turned upside-down, the pattern of black squares remains the same); (3) ensure that every letter is checked (appears in both an across and a down word); (4) not occupy too much of the puzzle ...
It is a type of substitution cipher in which each letter in the plaintext is replaced by a letter some fixed number of positions down the alphabet. For example, with a left shift of 3, D would be replaced by A, E would become B, and so on. [1] The method is named after Julius Caesar, who used it in his private correspondence.
A 15x15 lattice-style grid is common for cryptic crosswords. A cryptic crossword is a crossword puzzle in which each clue is a word puzzle. Cryptic crosswords are particularly popular in the United Kingdom, where they originated, [1] as well as Ireland, the Netherlands, and in several Commonwealth nations, including Australia, Canada, India, Kenya, Malta, New Zealand, and South Africa.
One once-common variant of the substitution cipher is the nomenclator. Named after the public official who announced the titles of visiting dignitaries, this cipher uses a small code sheet containing letter, syllable and word substitution tables, sometimes homophonic, that typically converted symbols into numbers. Originally the code portion ...
An anagram is a word or phrase formed by rearranging the letters of a different word or phrase, typically using all the original letters exactly once. [1] For example, the word anagram itself can be rearranged into the phrase "nag a ram". The original word or phrase is known as the subject of the anagram. Any word or phrase that exactly ...
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The trifid cipher is a classical cipher invented by Félix Delastelle and described in 1902. [1] Extending the principles of Delastelle's earlier bifid cipher, it combines the techniques of fractionation and transposition to achieve a certain amount of confusion and diffusion: each letter of the ciphertext depends on three letters of the plaintext and up to three letters of the key.
[3] Each player searches for words that fit the following criteria: Words must be at least three letters in length. Each letter after the first must be a horizontal, vertical, or diagonal neighbor of the one before it. No individual letter cube may be used more than once in a word. No capitalized or hyphenated words are allowed.