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  2. Tundra - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tundra

    In physical geography, tundra (/ ˈ t ʌ n d r ə, ˈ t ʊ n-/) is a type of biome where tree growth is hindered by frigid temperatures and short growing seasons. There are three regions and associated types of tundra: Arctic tundra, [2] alpine tundra, [2] and Antarctic tundra. [3] Tundra vegetation is composed of dwarf shrubs, sedges, grasses ...

  3. Tundra of North America - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tundra_of_North_America

    These complex interactions between plants, animals and abiotic factors in the tundra are held together by the permafrost layer, located 450 metres (1,480 ft) under the soil. [3] However climate change is causing this crucial layer of frozen soil to melt. As a result, tundra communities are becoming unstable and basic processes are breaking down.

  4. Arctic coastal tundra - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arctic_coastal_tundra

    Animals: caribou, bear ... The Arctic coastal tundra is an ecoregion of the far north of North ... king eider, red-throated loon, [3] pacific loon, [4] and yellow ...

  5. Alpine tundra - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alpine_tundra

    Alpine tundra is a type of natural region or biome that does not contain trees because it is at high elevation, with an associated harsh climate. As the latitude of a location approaches the poles, the threshold elevation for alpine tundra gets lower until it reaches sea level, and alpine tundra merges with polar tundra .

  6. Brooks–British Range tundra - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brooks–British_Range_tundra

    The Brooks–British Range tundra extends east and west along the Brooks Range which runs across northern Alaska and northeastern Yukon Territory. The Brooks Range is divided into western and eastern sections by the Anaktuvuk Pass .

  7. High Arctic tundra - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_Arctic_tundra

    The climate of the ecoregion is Tundra climate (Köppen climate classification ET), a local climate in which at least one month has an average temperature high enough to melt snow (0 °C (32 °F)), but no month with an average temperature in excess of 10 °C (50 °F).

  8. List of tundra ecoregions - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_tundra_ecoregions

    East Antarctic tundra: Eastern Antarctica: Ellsworth Land tundra: Ellsworth Land: Ellsworth Mountains tundra: Ellsworth Mountains: Enderby Land tundra: Enderby Land: Marie Byrd Land tundra: Marie Byrd Land: North Victoria Land tundra: Victoria Land: Northeast Antarctic Peninsula tundra: Antarctic Peninsula: Northwest Antarctic Peninsula tundra ...

  9. Mammoth steppe - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mammoth_steppe

    The steppe-tundra biome first emerged during the glacial period of Marine Isotope Stage 12, around 460,000 years ago, during the Middle Pleistocene, uniting animals that previously inhabited the previously disparate northern tundra and Central Asian steppe biomes. The size of the steppe-tundra biome would repeatedly expand and contract as a ...