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Plant hormones control all aspects of plant growth and development, including embryogenesis, [1] the regulation of organ size, pathogen defense, [2] [3] stress tolerance [4] [5] and reproductive development. [6] Unlike in animals (in which hormone production is restricted to specialized glands) each plant cell is capable of producing hormones.
The Dutch biologist Frits Warmolt Went first described auxins and their role in plant growth in the 1920s. [4] Kenneth V. Thimann became the first to isolate one of these phytohormones and to determine its chemical structure as indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). Went and Thimann co-authored a book on plant hormones, Phytohormones, in 1937.
The light from the lamp (1.) functions as a detectable change in the plant's environment. As a result, the plant exhibits a reaction of phototropism--directional growth (2.) toward the light stimulus. Auxin distribution controls phototropism. 1. Sunlight strikes the plant from directly above. Auxin (pink dots) encourages growth straight up. 2 ...
The apical bud produces a plant hormone, auxin , that inhibits growth of the lateral buds further down on the stem towards the axillary bud. Auxin is predominantly produced in the growing shoot apex and is transported throughout the plant via the phloem and diffuses into lateral buds which prevents elongation. [2]
2. Shows an average plant with a moderate amount of gibberellins, and an average internode length. 3. Shows a plant with a large amount of gibberellins and so has a much longer internode length, because gibberellins promote cell division in the stem. Gibberellins are involved in the natural process of breaking dormancy and other aspects of ...
It resembles the different growth processes for a leaf, a stem, etc. On top of the gradual growth of the plant, the image reveals the true meaning of phototropism and cell elongation, meaning the light energy from the sun is causing the growing plant to bend towards the light aka elongate. Plant growth and development are mediated by specific ...
The plant hormone ethylene is a combatant for salinity in most plants. Ethylene is known for regulating plant growth and development and adapted to stress conditions through a complex signal transduction pathway. Central membrane proteins in plants, such as ETO2, ERS1 and EIN2, are used for ethylene signaling in many plant growth processes.
NAA is a synthetic plant hormone in the auxin family and is an ingredient in many commercial horticultural products; it is a rooting agent and used for the vegetative propagation of plants from stem and leaf cuttings. It is also used for plant tissue culture. [2]
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