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The gap between female and male enrollment varies across the Arab world. Countries like Bahrain, Jordan, Kuwait, Libya, Lebanon, Qatar, and the United Arab Emirates achieved almost equal enrollment rates between girls and boys. [85] Female enrollment was as low as 10% in North of Yemen back in 1975. [85]
The issue of women's rights is also the subject of fierce debate. [1] When the United Nations adopted the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) in 1948, Saudi Arabia refused to sign it as they were of the view that sharia law had already set out the rights of men and women, [1] and that to sign the UDHR would be unnecessary. [2]
Rawya Ateya (first female parliamentarian in Egypt and the Arab world) List of the first female members of parliament by country; List of equal or majority Muslim countries; List of suffragists and suffragettes; List of women's rights activists; Sex segregation in Islam; Timeline of women's suffrage; Women in Islam
Turkish women were granted political rights much earlier than women in other Islamic or European countries. They were allowed to vote for local elections in 1930 and national elections in 1934. There was also a lot of support from single party leaders for more women's participation in government between 1930 and 1946.
Women taking part in a pro-democracy sit-in in Sitra, Bahrain. Women played a variety of roles in the Arab Spring, but its impact on women and their rights is unclear. The Arab Spring was a series of demonstrations, protests, and civil wars against authoritarian regimes that started in Tunisia and spread to much of the Arab world.
List of the first women heads of state and government in Muslim-majority countries; List of elected and appointed female heads of state and government; Muslim women political leaders; Council of Women World Leaders; Women in government; Lists of women politicians; Society-related timelines
In 2015, a group of Muslim activists, politicians, and writers issued a Declaration of Reform which, among other things, supports women's rights and states in part, "We support equal rights for women, including equal rights to inheritance, witness, work, mobility, personal law, education, and employment.
According to a 2012 World Economic Forum report [174] and other recent reports, [175] Islamic nations in the Middle East and North Africa region are increasing their creation of economic and employment opportunities for women; compared, however, to every other region in the world, the Middle East and North African region ranks lowest on ...