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1978: The yen was strengthened to 180 per dollar, resulting in the first endaka. 1979–1984: yen remained between 200–250 per dollar. 1985: The Plaza Accord revalued the yen from 250 to 160 per dollar. 1986–1988: yen further strengthened to 120 per dollar, resulting in the second endaka. 1989–1995: yen fluctuated between 100 and 160 per ...
The inheritance tax is very high in Japan, reported to be 75% of the market price for over 500 million yen until 1988, and it is still 70% of the market price for over 2 billion yen. [33] Yet the appraisal of land for tax purposes used to be about one-half of the market value and the debt was considered at face value during the bubble period.
The Lost Decades are a lengthy period of economic stagnation in Japan precipitated by the asset price bubble's collapse beginning in 1990. The singular term Lost Decade (失われた10年, Ushinawareta Jūnen) originally referred to the 1990s, [1] but the 2000s (Lost 20 Years, 失われた20年) [2] and the 2010s (Lost 30 Years, 失われた30年) [3] [4] [5] have been included by commentators ...
During the 1980s, Japan's current account balance shot from a record deficit of US$10.7 billion in 1980 to a record surplus of US$87 billion in 1987 before declining to US$57.1 billion in 1989. As a share of GNP , this surplus reached a peak of 4.4 percent in 1985, a large value for a current account surplus.
US$1.1 billion: Meidi-Ya: 36: Renichi Takenaka: US$1.1 billion: Takenaka Corporation: 37: Ryusuke Kimura: US$1.1 billion: 38: Otani family: US$1 billion: 39: Toyoda family: US$1 billion: Toyota Motor Corporation: 40: Junichi Murata: US$1 billion: Murata Machinery
However, the 1965 budget issued 259 billion yen in deficit-covering bonds, and the next year's budget in 1966 allotted 730 billion yen in construction bonds. [25] By 1990, the government did not issue a national bond due to the Japanese asset price bubble. Bonds were issued again in 1994, and have been issued every year since.
The country has the world's second-largest foreign-exchange reserves, worth $1.4 trillion. [35] Japan has the third-largest financial assets in the world, valued at $12 trillion, or 8.6% of the global GDP total as of 2020. [36] [37] Japan has a highly efficient and strong social security system, which comprises roughly 23.5% of GDP.
[4]: 494 In 1989, TBS's profit exceeded 11.7 billion yen, and the TV department's turnover surpassed 168.8 billion yen. [ 4 ] : 494 Taking advantage of the favorable financing conditions during the bubble economy, TBS decided to build a new headquarters in the late 1980s.