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Mars Pathfinder [1] was an American robotic spacecraft that landed a base station with a roving probe on Mars in 1997. It consisted of a lander, renamed the Carl Sagan Memorial Station, and a lightweight, 10.6 kg (23 lb) wheeled robotic Mars rover named Sojourner, [4] the first rover to operate outside the Earth–Moon system.
First lander to make a soft landing on Mars. Landed on 2 December 1971. First partial image (70 lines) ... Mars Pathfinder: Mars Pathfinder: 4 December 1996: NASA
A Mars landing is a landing of a spacecraft on the surface of Mars. ... Mars Pathfinder returned 16,500 images from the lander and 550 images from the rover, as well ...
List of Mars landers S.No Landers Launch date Landing date Mass (kg) [1] Landing site Region Status Country MOLA Entry velocity References 1. Mars 2MV-3 No.1: 04 Nov 1962 25 Nov 1962 890 - - Failure Soviet Union - - [2] 2. Mars 2: 19 May 1971 27 Nov 1971 1210 45°S 47°E ♦ - Failure Soviet Union - - [3] [4] 3. Mars 3: 28 May 1971 02 Dec 1971 ...
[62] [63] In addition to scientific objectives, the Mars Pathfinder mission was also a "proof-of-concept" for various technologies, such as an airbag landing system and automated obstacle avoidance, both later exploited by the Mars Exploration Rovers.
Fifteen million stamps were printed. The stamp is based on the first image received from the Mars Pathfinder after its landing on the Martian surface July 4, 1997, which shows the Sojourner rover resting on the Pathfinder with a panoramic view of the Ares Vallis region in the background. The stamp's reverse bears text about the Pathfinder mission.
Several landing sites have been named, either the spacecraft itself or the landing site: Pennants of Soviet Union on Mars 2 and Mars 3 landers (1971). [14] Thomas Mutch Memorial Station, the Viking 1 lander (1976). [15] Gerald Soffen Memorial Station, the Viking 2 lander (1976). [16] Carl Sagan Memorial Station, Mars Pathfinder base (1997). [17]
The first NASA rover, Sojourner (on the Mars Pathfinder lander), and twin rovers Spirit and Opportunity, used a combination of parachutes, retrorockets, and airbags for landing. Curiosity , launched in 2011, weighs nearly 900 kg, and was too heavy to be landed this way, as the airbags needed for it would be too heavy to be launched on a rocket ...