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The following is a list of the world's oldest surviving physical documents. Each entry is the most ancient of each language or civilization. For example, the Narmer Palette may be the most ancient from Egypt, but there are many other surviving written documents from Egypt later than the Narmer Palette but still more ancient than the Missal of Silos.
The Provisions of Oxford, released in 1258, was the first English government document to be published in the English language after the Norman Conquest. In 1362, Edward III became the first king to address Parliament in English.
hand-written Lord's Prayer, Hail Mary and Creed [169] Katekizmas (1547) by Martynas Mažvydas was the first printed book in Lithuanian. 1517: Belarusian: Psalter of Francysk Skaryna: 1521: Romanian: Neacșu's Letter: Cyrillic orthographic manual of Constantin Kostentschi from 1420 documents earlier written usage. [170]
The world's first Sunday newspaper. Still published. 1794 Århus Stiftstidende: Danish Århus: Denmark-Norway Still published. Originally titled Aarhus Stifts-Tidende. 1798 Journal de Malte: French, Italian Valletta: Malta under French occupation: First newspaper published in Malta. Defunct. [39] 1801 Gibraltar Chronicle: English Gibraltar ...
The first codes of law were written in Mesopotamia c. 2100 BC, exemplified in the Code of Hammurabi (c. 1750 BC) that was inscribed on stone stelae throughout the Old Babylonian Empire. [87] While the ancient Egyptian state did not codify its laws, legal documents such as official decrees and private contracts were used during the Old Kingdom c ...
For broader world history, recorded history begins with the accounts of the ancient world around the 4th millennium BCE, and it coincides with the invention of writing. For some geographic regions or cultures, written history is limited to a relatively recent period in human history because of the limited use of written records. Moreover, human ...
The word "manuscript" derives from the Latin: manūscriptum (from manus, hand and scriptum from scribere, to write), and is first recorded in English in 1597. [3] [4] An earlier term in English that shares the meaning of a handwritten document is "hand-writ" (or "handwrit"), which is first attested around 1175 and is now rarely used. [5]
The first book to achieve a sale price of greater than $1 million was a copy of the Gutenberg Bible which sold for $2.4 million in 1978. The most copies of a single book sold for a price over $1 million is John James Audubon 's The Birds of America (1827–1838), which is represented by eight different copies in this list.