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Staunton style chess pieces. Left to right: king, rook, queen, pawn, knight, bishop. The rules of chess (also known as the laws of chess) govern the play of the game of chess. Chess is a two-player abstract strategy board game. Each player controls sixteen pieces of six types on a chessboard. Each type of piece moves in a distinct way.
The rules of chess prescribe the moves each type of chess piece can make. During play, the players take turns moving their own chess pieces. The rook may move any number of squares vertically or horizontally without jumping. It also takes part, along with the king, in castling. The bishop may move any number of squares diagonally without ...
A major change was the modern piece movement rules, which began to appear in intellectual circles in Valencia, Spain, around 1475, [note 4] which established the foundations and brought it very close to current chess. These new rules then were quickly adopted in Italy and Southern France before diffusing into the rest of Europe.
This glossary of chess explains commonly used terms in chess, in alphabetical order.Some of these terms have their own pages, like fork and pin.For a list of unorthodox chess pieces, see Fairy chess piece; for a list of terms specific to chess problems, see Glossary of chess problems; for a list of named opening lines, see List of chess openings; for a list of chess-related games, see List of ...
The chess variants listed below are derived from chess by changing one or more of the many rules of the game. The rules can be grouped into categories, from the most innocuous (starting position) to the most dramatic (adding chance/randomness to the gameplay after the initial piece placement).
The attacking piece is captured (not possible when in double check, unless the king captures). If none of the three options are available, the player's king has been checkmated, and the player loses the game. In casual games, when placing the opponent's king in check, it is common to announce "check", but this is not required by the rules of chess.
The rook (/ r ʊ k /; ♖, ♜) is a piece in the game of chess. It may move any number of squares horizontally or vertically without jumping, and it may capture an enemy piece on its path; it may participate in castling. Each player starts the game with two rooks, one in each corner on their side of the board.
Chess pieces – two armies of 16 chess pieces, one army designated "white", the other "black". Each player controls one of the armies for the entire game. The pieces in each army include: 1 king – most important piece, and one of the weakest (until the endgame). The object of the game is checkmate, by placing the enemy king in check in a way ...