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English: Aeron Buchanan's Japanese Verb Chart: a concise summary of Japanese verb conjugation, handily formatted to fit onto one sheet of A4. Also includes irregulars, adjectives and confusing verbs. Also includes irregulars, adjectives and confusing verbs.
Japanese verbs, like the verbs of many other languages, can be morphologically modified to change their meaning or grammatical function – a process known as conjugation. In Japanese , the beginning of a word (the stem ) is preserved during conjugation, while the ending of the word is altered in some way to change the meaning (this is the ...
猫 neko cat の no GEN 色 iro color 猫 の 色 neko no iro cat GEN color "the cat's (neko no) color (iro)" noun governed by an adposition: 日本 nihon Japan に ni in 日本 に nihon ni Japan in " in Japan" comparison: Y Y Y より yori than 大きい ookii big Y より 大きい Y yori ookii Y than big " big ger than Y" noun modified by an adjective: 黒い kuroi black 猫 neko cat ...
While irregular compared to the -suru conjugation scheme, 愛す ai-su and other -su verbs are actually conjugated as regular Godan (Group 1) verbs. Similarly, the -jiru verbs mentioned above are conjugated as regular Ichidan (Group 2) verbs. Some single-kanji する verbs have irregular passive conjugations which stem from classical Japanese.
Meanwhile, the verbs 見る (to see) and 止める (to stop) each use kana from only 1 row of the gojūon table in their verb-stem's suffix— み (mi) and め (me) respectively. Thus, they are classified as a "class-1" (or more formally "monograde") verbs. (See also Japanese verb conjugations.)
To be clear, these functions don't modify the verbs in English and instead use separate words in addition to the regular English verb, whereas Japanese verbs conjugate to form these functions. Fifthly, Aeron Buchanan's Japanese Verb Chart at the start of the article fulfils exactly what the proposed summary tables seek to convey. So the summary ...
It is designed for teaching spoken Japanese, and so, it follows Japanese phonology fairly closely. For example, different conjugations of a verb may be achieved by changing the final vowel (as in the chart on the right), thus "bear[ing] a direct relation to Japanese structure" (in Jorden's words [1]), whereas the common Hepburn romanization may require exceptions in some cases, to more clearly ...
In Japanese, counter words or counters are measure words used with numbers to count things, actions, and events. Counters are added directly after numbers. [1] There are numerous counters, and different counters are used depending on the kind or shape of nouns that are being described. [1] The Japanese term, josūshi (助数詞, lit.