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Specialty. Ophthalmology. Esophoria is an eye condition involving inward deviation of the eye, usually due to extra-ocular muscle imbalance. It is a type of heterophoria .
Papilledema or papilloedema is optic disc swelling that is caused by increased intracranial pressure due to any cause. [ 1] The swelling is usually bilateral and can occur over a period of hours to weeks. [ 2] Unilateral presentation is extremely rare. In intracranial hypertension, the optic disc swelling most commonly occurs bilaterally.
Heterophoria is an eye condition in which the directions that the eyes are pointing at rest position, when not performing binocular fusion, are not the same as each other, or, "not straight". This condition can be esophoria, where the eyes tend to cross inward in the absence of fusion; exophoria, in which they diverge; or hyperphoria, in which ...
Exophoria. Exophoria is a form of heterophoria in which there is a tendency of the eyes to deviate outward. [ 1] During examination, when the eyes are dissociated, the visual axes will appear to diverge away from one another. [ 2] The axis deviation in exophoria is usually mild compared with that of exotropia .
Convergence insufficiency. Convergence Insufficiency. Other names. Convergence disorder. Specialty. Ophthalmology, optometry. Convergence insufficiency is a sensory and neuromuscular anomaly of the binocular vision system, characterized by a reduced ability of the eyes to turn towards each other, or sustain convergence .
Diplopia. Diplopia. Other names. Double vision. One way a person might experience double vision. Specialty. Neurology, ophthalmology. Diplopia is the simultaneous perception of two images of a single object that may be displaced horizontally or vertically in relation to each other. [ 1] Also called double vision, it is a loss of visual focus ...
Fourth cranial nerve palsy or trochlear nerve palsy, is a condition affecting cranial nerve 4 (IV), [ 1] the trochlear nerve, which is one of the cranial nerves. It causes weakness or paralysis of the superior oblique muscle that it innervates. This condition often causes vertical or near vertical double vision as the weakened muscle prevents ...
Esotropia is a form of strabismus in which one or both eyes turn inward. The condition can be constantly present, or occur intermittently, and can give the affected individual a "cross-eyed" appearance. [ 1] It is the opposite of exotropia and usually involves more severe axis deviation than esophoria. Esotropia is sometimes erroneously called ...