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The gram (originally gramme; [1] SI unit symbol g) is a unit of mass in the International System of Units (SI) equal to one thousandth of a kilogram.. Originally defined as of 1795 as "the absolute weight of a volume of pure water equal to the cube of the hundredth part of a metre [1 cm 3], and at the temperature of melting ice", [2] the defining temperature (≈0 °C) was later changed to 4 ...
The hundredweight has had many values. In England in around 1300, different hundreds (centum in Medieval Latin) were defined. The Weights and Measures Act 1835 formally established the present imperial hundredweight of 112 pounds (50.80 kg). The United States and Canada came to use the term "hundredweight" to refer to a unit of 100 pounds (45.
The gram (alternative spelling: gramme; SI unit symbol: g) is a metric system unit of mass. A gram is defined as one thousandth of the SI base unit, the kilogram, or 1 × 10 −3 kg. Square metre (alternative spelling: square meter; SI unit symbol: m 2) is a superficial area equal to that of a square whose sides' lengths are each one metre.
For example, a 500-sheet ream of 20# 8 + 1 ⁄ 2-by-11-inch (216 by 279 mm) copy paper may be specified "10 M". 1000 cut sheets (or two reams) will weigh 10 lb (4.5 kg), half of the four reams of cut paper resulting from the 20# basis ream of 17-by-22-inch (432 by 559 mm) paper.
[10] 1795: the gram (1 / 1000 of a kilogram) was provisionally defined as the mass of one cubic centimetre of water at the melting point of ice. [11] 1799: The Kilogramme des Archives was manufactured as a prototype. It had a mass equal to the mass of 1 dm 3 of water at the temperature of its maximum density, which is approximately 4 °C. [12]
It was also used in Aden and Zanzibar: in the latter, one tola was equivalent to 175.90 troy grains (0.97722222 British tolas, or 11.33980925 grams). [ 2 ] The tola is a Vedic measure, with the name derived from the Sanskrit तोलः tolaḥ (from the root तुल् tul ) meaning "weighing" or "weight". [ 3 ]
The catty is traditionally equivalent to around 1 + 1 ⁄ 3 pound avoirdupois, formalised as 604.78982 grams in Hong Kong, [1] 604.5 grams historically in Vietnam, [2] 604.79 grams in Malaysia [3] and 604.8 grams in Singapore. [4] In some countries, the weight has been rounded to 600 grams (Taiwan, [5] Japan, Korea [6] and Thailand).
The tonne (t) is an SI-compatible unit of mass equal to a megagram (Mg), or 10 3 kg. The unit is in common use for masses above about 10 3 kg and is often used with SI prefixes. For example, a gigagram ( Gg ) or 10 9 g is 10 3 tonnes, commonly called a kilotonne .