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The purpose of requirements management is to ensure that an organization documents, verifies, and meets the needs and expectations of its customers and internal or external stakeholders. [1] Requirements management begins with the analysis and elicitation of the objectives and constraints of the organization.
Examples of written analysis tools: use cases and user stories. Examples of graphical tools: Unified Modeling Language [7] (UML) and Lifecycle Modeling Language (LML). System modeling – Some engineering fields (or specific situations) require the product to be completely designed and modeled before its construction or fabrication starts ...
For example, a maximum development cost requirement (a process requirement) may be imposed to help achieve a maximum sales price requirement (a product requirement); a requirement that the product be maintainable (a product requirement) often is addressed by imposing requirements to follow particular development styles (e.g., object-oriented ...
Verification is intended to check that a product, service, or system meets a set of design specifications. [6] [7] In the development phase, verification procedures involve performing special tests to model or simulate a portion, or the entirety, of a product, service, or system, then performing a review or analysis of the modeling results.
In systems engineering and software engineering, requirements analysis focuses on the tasks that determine the needs or conditions to meet the new or altered product or project, taking account of the possibly conflicting requirements of the various stakeholders, analyzing, documenting, validating, and managing software or system requirements.
[1] [2] The PMI guide Requirements Management: A Practical Guide recommends that a requirements tool should be identified at the beginning of the project, as [requirements] traceability can get complex and that switching tool mid-term could present a challenge. [3] According to ISO/IEC TR 24766:2009, [4] six major tool capabilities exist:
Before requirements can be analyzed, modeled, or specified they must be gathered through an elicitation process. Requirements elicitation is a part of the requirements engineering process, usually followed by analysis and specification of the requirements. Commonly used elicitation processes are the stakeholder meetings or interviews. [2]
[7] By the end of the 1970s IV&V was rapidly becoming popular. The constant increase in complexity, size and importance of the software led to an increasing demand on IV&V applied to software. Meanwhile, IV&V (and ISVV for software systems) consolidated and is now widely used by organizations such as the DoD, FAA, [8] NASA [7] and ESA. [9]