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Spermine is synthesized from the reaction of spermidine with SAM in the presence of the enzyme spermine synthase. The polyamines undergo rapid interconversion in the polyamine cycle, in which putrescine leads to synthesis of spermidine and spermine, with degradation of these polyamines to form putrescine, which can begin the cycle again. [16]
671878 Ensembl ENSG00000102172 n/a UniProt P52788 P97355 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_001258423 NM_004595 XM_001473434 RefSeq (protein) NP_001245352 NP_004586 NP_033240 NP_001346114 Location (UCSC) Chr X: 21.94 – 21.99 Mb n/a PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse Spermine synthase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the SMS gene. The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the ...
Spermidine/spermine N(1)-acetyltransferase (SPD/SPM acetyltransferase) is a rate-limiting enzyme in the catabolic pathway of polyamine metabolism. It catalyzes the N(1)-acetylation of spermidine and spermine and, by the successive activity of polyamine oxidase , spermine can be converted to spermidine and spermidine to putrescine . [ 7 ]
Spermine is a polyamine involved in cellular metabolism that is found in all eukaryotic cells. The precursor for synthesis of spermine is the amino acid ornithine . It is an essential growth factor in some bacteria as well.
Spermine oxidase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the SMOX gene. [5] [6] [7] Function. The product of this gene is the polyamine oxidase. This enzyme ...
Spermidine has also been reported to protect the heart from aging and prolong the lifespan of mice, while in humans it was correlated with lower blood pressure. [17] It also was found to reduce the amount of aging in yeast, flies, worms, and human immune cells by inducing autophagy. [18] Spermidine may play a role in male and female fertility. [19]
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 13 February 2025. Manipulation of an organism's genome For a non-technical introduction to the topic of genetics, see Introduction to genetics. For the song by Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark, see Genetic Engineering (song). For the Montreal hardcore band, see Genetic Control. Part of a series on ...
Spermine synthase in turn helps the body produce spermine, a polyamine critical to cell processes such as cell division, tissue repair, and apoptosis. [5] The resulting shortage of spermine in cells causes problems with development and brain function, though the exact mechanism is not understood.