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The venous angle (also known as Pirogoff's angle and in Latin as angulus venosus) is the junction where the ipsilateral internal jugular vein and subclavian vein unite to form the ipsilateral brachiocephalic vein. [1] [2] The thoracic duct drains at the left venous angle, and the right lymphatic duct drains at the right
Plaques in the walls of the coronary arteries can rupture, resulting in occlusion of the artery and deprivation of blood flow and oxygen to the heart muscle, resulting in cardiac cell death. [9] This is known as myocardial infarction. [9] A heart attack can cause arrhythmias, as well as permanent damage to the heart muscle. [25] Coronary ...
Severe ischemia can cause the heart muscle to die from hypoxia, such as during a myocardial infarction. Chronic moderate ischemia causes contraction of the heart to weaken, known as myocardial hibernation. [citation needed] In addition to metabolism, the coronary circulation possesses unique pharmacologic characteristics.
Cardiac physiology or heart function is the study of healthy, unimpaired function of the heart: involving blood flow; myocardium structure; the electrical conduction system of the heart; the cardiac cycle and cardiac output and how these interact and depend on one another.
A common scenario for remodeling is after myocardial infarction. There is myocardial necrosis (cell death) and disproportionate thinning of the heart. This thin, weakened area is unable to withstand the pressure and volume load on the heart in the same manner as the other healthy tissue.
The heart is the driver of the circulatory system, pumping blood through rhythmic contraction and relaxation. The rate of blood flow out of the heart (often expressed in L/min) is known as the cardiac output (CO). Blood being pumped out of the heart first enters the aorta, the largest artery of the body.
Koch's triangle, also known as the triangle of Koch, is named after the German pathologist Walter Koch. [1] It is an anatomical area located at the base of the right atrium , and its boundaries are the coronary sinus orifice, tendon of Todaro , and the septal leaflet of the right atrioventricular valve (also known as the tricuspid valve). [ 2 ]
The heart is a muscular organ situated in the mediastinum.It consists of four chambers, four valves, two main arteries (the coronary arteries), and the conduction system. The left and right sides of the heart have different functions: the right side receives de-oxygenated blood through the superior and inferior venae cavae and pumps blood to the lungs through the pulmonary artery, and the left ...