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Parkinson's disease patient showing a typical flexed walking posture in advanced stage. Signs and symptoms of Parkinson's disease are varied. Parkinson's disease affects movement, producing motor symptoms. [1] Non-motor symptoms, which include dysautonomia, cognitive and neurobehavioral problems, and sensory and sleep difficulties, are also ...
A hip fracture is a break that occurs in the upper part of the femur (thigh bone), at the femoral neck or (rarely) the femoral head. [2] Symptoms may include pain around the hip, particularly with movement, and shortening of the leg. [2] Usually the person cannot walk. [3] A hip fracture is usually a femoral neck fracture.
A pelvic fracture is a break of the bony structure of the pelvis. [1] This includes any break of the sacrum, hip bones (ischium, pubis, ilium), or tailbone. [1] Symptoms include pain, particularly with movement. [1] Complications may include internal bleeding, injury to the bladder, or vaginal trauma. [2] [3]
Male pattern hair loss (androgenetic alopecia) symptoms are well-known: a bald spot on the crown, thinning at the temples, and a receding hairline pushing back farther and farther — until it ...
A femoral fracture is a bone fracture that involves the femur. They are typically sustained in high-impact trauma, such as car crashes , due to the large amount of force needed to break the bone. Fractures of the diaphysis , or middle of the femur, are managed differently from those at the head, neck, and trochanter ; those are conventionally ...
Heterotopic ossification of varying severity can be caused by surgery or trauma to the hips and legs. About every third patient who has total hip arthroplasty (joint replacement) or a severe fracture of the long bones of the lower leg will develop heterotopic ossification, but is uncommonly symptomatic.
In a hypertrophic nonunion, the fracture site contains adequate blood supply but the fracture ends fail to heal together. [6] X-rays show abundant callus formation. This type of nonunion is thought to occur when the body has adequate biology, such as stem cells and blood supply, but inadequate stability, meaning the bone ends are moving too much.
Coccydynia occurs in the lowest part of the spine, the coccyx, which is believed to be a vestigial tail, or in other words the "tail bone". The name coccyx is derived from the Greek word for 'cuckoo' due to its beak-like appearance. The coccyx itself is made up of three to five vertebrae, some of which may be fused together. The ventral side of ...