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The Geneva Conventions define the rights and protections afforded to those non-combatants who fulfill the criteria of being protected persons. [3] The treaties of 1949 were ratified, in their entirety or with reservations, by 196 countries. [4] The Geneva Conventions concern only protected non-combatants in war.
Under the 1949 Geneva Conventions, collective punishment is a war crime. By collective punishment, the drafters of the Geneva Conventions had in mind the reprisal killings of World War I and World War II. In the First World War, the Germans executed Belgian villagers in mass retribution for resistance activity during the Rape of Belgium. In ...
The Geneva Conventions, which were most recently revised in 1949, consist of seven individual treaties which are open to ratification or accession by any sovereign state. They are: The Geneva Conventions. First Geneva Convention; Second Geneva Convention; Third Geneva Convention; Fourth Geneva Convention; Additional Protocols Protocol I ...
The Geneva Convention on Road Traffic was concluded in Geneva on 19 September 1949. The convention has been ratified by 101 countries. Since its entry into force on 26 March 1952, between signatory countries ("Contracting Parties") it replaces previous road traffic conventions, notably the 1926 International Convention relative to Motor Traffic and the International Convention relative to Road ...
The 1949 Geneva Convention states that an IDP remains valid for one year from the date of issue, with a grace period of six months. There is a European Agreement supplementing the 1949 Convention on Road Traffic, in addition to the 1949 Protocol on Road Signs and Signals, concluded in Geneva on 16 September 1950.
Geneva: ICRC. 1955. The Geneva conventions of 12 August 1949: commentary published under the general editorship of J.S. Pictet. Geneva: ICRC. 1960. Humanitarian law and the protection of war victims. Leyden: Sijthoff. 1975. ISBN 90-286-0305-0. (Translation of Le droit humanitaire et la protection des victimes de la guerre.)
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Protected persons is a legal term under international humanitarian law and refers to persons who are under specific protection of the 1949 Geneva Conventions, their 1977 Additional Protocols, and customary international humanitarian law during an armed conflict.