Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
The cardinal points of a thick lens in air. F, F ′ front and rear focal points; P, P ′ front and rear principal points; V, V ′ front and rear surface vertices.. The cardinal points lie on the optical axis of an optical system.
An optical axis is an imaginary line that passes through the geometrical center of an optical system such as a camera lens, microscope or telescopic sight. [1] Lens elements often have rotational symmetry about the axis. The optical axis defines the path along which light propagates through the system, up to first approximation.
A single lens can form images of objects at a variety of distances; the position of the image plane depends on where the object is relative to the lens. The cardinal points, on the other hand, are properties of the optical system. Unless the geometry of the lens changes (as in a zoom lens), the cardinal points remain fixed.
Gaussian optics is named after mathematician and physicist Carl Friedrich Gauss, who showed that an optical system can be characterized by a series of cardinal points, which allow one to calculate its optical properties. [2]
Camera; Camera lens; Camera lucida; Camera obscura; Candela; Cardinal point (optics) Cassegrain reflector; Cathodoluminescence; Catoptrics; Caustic (optics) Chatoyancy
The reduced eye is an idealized model of the optics of the human eye. Introduced by Franciscus Donders, the reduced eye model replaces the several refracting bodies of the eye (the cornea, lens, aqueous humor, and vitreous humor) are replaced by an ideal air/water interface surface that is located 20 mm from a model retina.
For a lens, or a spherical or parabolic mirror, it is a point onto which collimated light parallel to the axis is focused. Since light can pass through a lens in either direction, a lens has two focal points – one on each side. The distance in air from the lens or mirror's principal plane to the focus is called the focal length.
r = position from aperture diffracted from it to a point; α 0 = incident angle with respect to the normal, from source to aperture; α = diffracted angle, from aperture to a point; S = imaginary surface bounded by aperture ^ = unit normal vector to the aperture