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The Otto cycle is a description of what happens to a gas as it is subjected to changes of pressure, temperature, volume, addition of heat, and removal of heat. The gas that is subjected to those changes is called the system. The system, in this case, is defined to be the fluid (gas) within the cylinder.
In the cgs system the unit of pressure was the barye (ba), equal to 1 dyn·cm −2. In the mts system, the unit of pressure was the pieze, equal to 1 sthene per square metre. Many other hybrid units are used such as mmHg/cm 2 or grams-force/cm 2 (sometimes as kg/cm 2 without properly identifying the force units). Using the names kilogram, gram ...
Ch.3 [2]: 156–164, § 3.5 The principle is named after the Swiss mathematician and physicist Daniel Bernoulli, who published it in his book Hydrodynamica in 1738. [3] Although Bernoulli deduced that pressure decreases when the flow speed increases, it was Leonhard Euler in 1752 who derived Bernoulli's equation in its usual form.
Pascal's law (also Pascal's principle[1][2][3] or the principle of transmission of fluid-pressure) is a principle in fluid mechanics given by Blaise Pascal that states that a pressure change at any point in a confined incompressible fluid is transmitted throughout the fluid such that the same change occurs everywhere. [4]
Atmospheric pressure, also known as air pressure or barometric pressure (after the barometer), is the pressure within the atmosphere of Earth. The standard atmosphere (symbol: atm) is a unit of pressure defined as 101,325 Pa (1,013.25 hPa ), which is equivalent to 1,013.25 millibars , [ 1 ] 760 mm Hg , 29.9212 inches Hg , or 14.696 psi . [ 2 ]
Mean effective pressure. The mean effective pressure (MEP) is a quantity relating to the operation of a reciprocating engine and is a measure of an engine's capacity to do work that is independent of engine displacement. [1] Despite having the dimension of pressure, MEP cannot be measured. [2]
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sievert (SI unit) Sv. ≡ 1 J/kg [44] = 1 Sv = 1 J/kg = 1 m 2 ⋅s 2. Although the definitions for sievert (Sv) and gray (Gy) would seem to indicate that they measure the same quantities, this is not the case. The effect of receiving a certain dose of radiation (given as Gy) is variable and depends on many factors, thus a new unit was needed to ...