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2. Catheter-associated urinary tract infection - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catheter-associated...

   Although catheter use should be minimized in all patients, particularly those at higher risk of CAUTI and mortality (e.g. the elderly or those with impaired immunity), [2] a meta analysis suggests there is insufficient evidence to determine the value of different policies for replacing long term urinary catheters on patient outcomes. [3]

3. Urinary catheterization - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urinary_catheterization

   Common indications for urinary catheterization include acute or chronic urinary retention (which can damage the kidneys) from conditions such as benign prostatic hyperplasia, orthopedic procedures that may limit a patient's movement, the need for accurate monitoring of input and output (such as in an ICU), urinary incontinence that may compromise the ability to heal wounds, and the effects of ...

4. Urinary retention - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urinary_retention

   Those with long-term problems are at risk of urinary tract infections. [1] Causes include blockage of the urethra, nerve problems, certain medications, and weak bladder muscles. [1] Blockage can be caused by benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), urethral strictures, bladder stones, a cystocele, constipation, or tumors. [1]

5. Urinary incontinence - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urinary_incontinence

   The advantage of indwelling catheters is that because the urine is funneled away from the body, the skin remains dry. However, the disadvantage is that it is very common to incur urinary tract infections when using indwelling catheters. Bladder spasms and other problems can also occur with long-term use of indwelling catheters. [56]

6. Purple urine bag syndrome - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Purple_urine_bag_syndrome

   People with urinary tract infections using catheters will increase the conversion of indoxyl sulfatase to indirubin and indigo. [2] Indirubin dissolves in plastic and therefore causes urine discoloration. The purple discoloration is the result of reaction between indirubin and plastic urine bags, as well as the presence of indigo. [1]

7. Intermittent catheterisation - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intermittent_catheterisation

   Intermittent catheters come in a variety of designs and differ depending on the user's genitals, with a catheter for a penis being longer and a catheter for a vulva being shorter. The catheter is inserted into the urethra by the patient or a carer and can either be directed down a toilet or, if measurement of volume is required, into a ...