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An internal customer is a customer who is directly connected to an organization, and is usually (but not necessarily) internal to the organization. Internal customers are usually stakeholders, employees, or shareholders, but the definition also encompasses creditors and external regulators. [14] [13]
Type III: external service provider Type III SPs provide IT services to external customers and subsequently can be referred to as external service providers (ESPs) [ 2 ] which range from a full IT organization/service outsource via managed services or MSPs (managed service providers) to limited product feature delivery via ASPs ( application ...
A value stream always begins and ends with a customer. Value stream is usually aligned with company processes. Value streams are artifacts within business architecture that allow a business to specify the value proposition derived by an external (e.g., customer) or internal stakeholder from an organization. A value stream depicts the ...
The definition of corporate responsibilities through a classification of stakeholders to consider has been criticized as creating a false dichotomy between the "shareholder model" and the "stakeholder model", [2] or a false analogy of the obligations towards shareholders and other interested parties. [3]
The concept of customer relationship management started in the early 1970s, when customer satisfaction was evaluated using annual surveys or by front-line asking. [6] At that time, businesses had to rely on standalone mainframe systems to automate sales, but the extent of technology allowed them to categorize customers in spreadsheets and
Online customer engagement is qualitatively different from offline engagement as the nature of the customer's interactions with a brand, company and other customers differ on the internet. Discussion forums or blogs , for example, are spaces where people can communicate and socialize in ways that cannot be replicated by any offline interactive ...
These actors can be: customers, suppliers, unions, the government, pressure groups, and the general public can all be considered external stakeholders. [3] The demands put forth by these actors motivate the organization to accomplish their values and goals that were established when the organization was created.
Rummler & Brache (1995) [14] use a definition that clearly encompasses a focus on the organization's external customers, when stating that a business process is a series of steps designed to produce a product or service. Most processes (...) are cross-functional, spanning the 'white space' between the boxes on the organization chart.