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2. Modulation error ratio - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modulation_error_ratio

   A signal sent by an ideal transmitter or received by a receiver would have all constellation points precisely at the ideal locations, however various imperfections in the implementation (such as noise, low image rejection ratio, phase noise, carrier suppression, distortion, etc.) or signal path cause the actual constellation points to deviate ...

3. Signal-to-noise ratio - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Signal-to-noise_ratio

   Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR or S/N) is a measure used in science and engineering that compares the level of a desired signal to the level of background noise. SNR is defined as the ratio of signal power to noise power , often expressed in decibels .

4. Carrier-to-noise ratio - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carrier-to-noise_ratio

   In telecommunications, the carrier-to-noise ratio, often written CNR or C/N, is the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of a modulated signal. The term is used to distinguish the CNR of the radio frequency passband signal from the SNR of an analog base band message signal after demodulation .

5. Sensitivity (electronics) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sensitivity_(electronics)

   This is an example of a case where sensivity is defined as the minimum input signal required to produce a specified output signal having a specified signal-to-noise ratio. [2] This definition has the advantage that the sensitivity is closely related to the detection limit of a sensor if the minimum detectable SNR o is specified .

6. Bit error rate - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bit_error_rate

   BER comparison between BPSK and differentially encoded BPSK with gray-coding operating in white noise. In a noisy channel, the BER is often expressed as a function of the normalized carrier-to-noise ratio measure denoted Eb/N0, (energy per bit to noise power spectral density ratio), or Es/N0 (energy per modulation symbol to noise spectral density).

7. Audio system measurements - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Audio_system_measurements

   The Signal-to-quantization-noise ratio is a multiple of the bit depth. Audio CDs use a bit depth of 16-bits, while DVD-Video and Blu-ray discs can use 24-bit audio. The maximum dynamic range of a 16-bit system is about 96 dB, [ 9 ] while for 24 bit it is about 144 dB.

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9. Peak signal-to-noise ratio - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peak_signal-to-noise_ratio

   [5] [6] Acceptable values for wireless transmission quality loss are considered to be about 20 dB to 25 dB. [7] [8] In the absence of noise, the two images I and K are identical, and thus the MSE is zero. In this case the PSNR is infinite (or undefined, see Division by zero). [9]