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Although rarely implemented in ordinary documents, contextual kerning is a concern in quality typography. An example of a situation that demands contextual kerning in the Minion Pro font is the sequence of three characters f.” (f, period, quotation mark), as is often found at the
Either calls a ligature replacement on a sequence of characters or replaces a character with a sequence of glyphs. Provides logic that can for example effectively alter the order of input characters. Kerning: kern: P2,8 Fine horizontal positioning of one glyph to the next, based on the shapes of the glyphs Mark Positioning: mark: P4,5
Typography is the art and technique of arranging type to make written language legible, readable and appealing when displayed. The arrangement of type involves selecting typefaces , point sizes , line lengths , line spacing , letter spacing , and spaces between pairs of letters . [ 1 ]
Kerning contrasted with tracking (letter spacing): with spacing the "kerning perception" is lost. While tracking adjusts the space between characters evenly, regardless of the characters, kerning adjusts the space based on character pairs. There is strong kerning between the "V" and the "A" and no kerning between the "S" and the "T".
More sophisticated typesetting applications divide individual characters into larger numbers, giving more numerical control. They also offer more comprehensive libraries of "kerning pairs" that tell the application how much space to allow between all possible combinations of letter pairs. Typographers try to minimize or eliminate the river effect.
The major changes to the Times Roman typeface itself were a reduction in the slope of italic characters to 12 degrees from 16 degrees, so as to reduce the need for kerning, and a change in the form of italic 'v' and 'w' so that italic 'v' could be more easily distinguished from a Greek nu. [77]
The very short final line of a paragraph composed of a single word (highlighted blue) is a runt. The first line of a paragraph beginning at the end of a page (highlighted green) is called an orphan (sometimes called a widow).
Extensions to the kerning. OpenType typographic features, such as using ligatures and lining figures as default. [a] The expanded font was designed for organisations that had made extensive use of Georgia and Verdana because of their availability but that desired additional versions for specific uses. Georgia Pro is available for purchase.