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Robert Wilhelm Eberhard Bunsen (German:; 30 March 1811 [a] – 16 August 1899) was a German chemist.He investigated emission spectra of heated elements, and discovered caesium (in 1860) and rubidium (in 1861) with the physicist Gustav Kirchhoff. [11]
In 1860, the unexpected appearance of sky-blue and dark red was observed in spectral emissions by Robert Bunsen and Gustav Kirchhoff, leading to the discovery of two alkali metals, caesium and rubidium (dark red). [4] [1] Today, this low-cost method is used in secondary education to teach students to detect metals in samples qualitatively. [2]
[note 1] [74] [75] [76] Caesium was the first element to be discovered with a spectroscope, which had been invented by Bunsen and Kirchhoff only a year previously. [ 17 ] To obtain a pure sample of caesium, 44,000 litres (9,700 imp gal; 12,000 US gal) of mineral water had to be evaporated to yield 240 kilograms (530 lb) of concentrated salt ...
Caesium: 1860 R. Bunsen and R. Kirchhoff: 1882 C. Setterberg: Bunsen and Kirchhoff were the first to suggest finding new elements by spectrum analysis. They discovered caesium by its two blue emission lines in a sample of Dürkheim mineral water. [130] The pure metal was eventually isolated in 1882 by Setterberg. [131] 37 Rubidium: 1861
In the form of boric acid, price per boron contained. Min. 99% pure. 6: C: Carbon: 2.267: 200 (5.54 × 10 18 kg) 0.122: 0.28: 2018: EIA Coal [19] In the form of anthracite, price per carbon contained, assuming 90% carbon content. There is a wide variation of price of carbon depending on its form.
1860–61: Discovery of caesium and rubidium by Robert Bunsen and Gustav Kirchhoff [139] 1860: Erlenmeyer flask by Emil Erlenmeyer [ 140 ] 1863–64: Discovery of indium by Ferdinand Reich and Hieronymous Theodor Richter [ 141 ] [ 142 ] [ 143 ]
It is the least electronegative element with stable isotopes, of which it has only one, caesium-133. Caesium is mined mostly from pollucite, while the radioisotopes, especially caesium-137, are extracted from waste produced by nuclear reactors. German chemists Robert Bunsen and Gustav Kirchhoff discovered caesium in 1860 by flame spectroscopy.
A period 6 element is one of the chemical elements in the sixth row (or period) of the periodic table of the chemical elements, including the lanthanides.The periodic table is laid out in rows to illustrate recurring (periodic) trends in the chemical behaviour of the elements as their atomic number increases: a new row is begun when chemical behaviour begins to repeat, meaning that elements ...