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  2. Mathematical structure - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathematical_structure

    Algebraic structure: there are operations of addition and multiplication, the first of which makes it into a group and the pair of which together make it into a field. A measure: intervals of the real line have a specific length , which can be extended to the Lebesgue measure on many of its subsets .

  3. Group theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Group_theory

    In abstract algebra, group theory studies the algebraic structures known as groups. The concept of a group is central to abstract algebra: other well-known algebraic structures, such as rings, fields, and vector spaces, can all be seen as groups endowed with additional operations and axioms. Groups recur throughout mathematics, and the methods ...

  4. Outline of algebraic structures - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/.../Outline_of_algebraic_structures

    In mathematics, many types of algebraic structures are studied. Abstract algebra is primarily the study of specific algebraic structures and their properties. Algebraic structures may be viewed in different ways, however the common starting point of algebra texts is that an algebraic object incorporates one or more sets with one or more binary operations or unary operations satisfying a ...

  5. Algebraic structure - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algebraic_structure

    An algebraic structure may be based on other algebraic structures with operations and axioms involving several structures. For instance, a vector space involves a second structure called a field , and an operation called scalar multiplication between elements of the field (called scalars ), and elements of the vector space (called vectors ).

  6. Abstract algebra - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abstract_algebra

    In mathematics, more specifically algebra, abstract algebra or modern algebra is the study of algebraic structures, which are sets with specific operations acting on their elements. [1] Algebraic structures include groups , rings , fields , modules , vector spaces , lattices , and algebras over a field .

  7. Quotient group - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quotient_group

    A quotient group or factor group is a mathematical group obtained by aggregating similar elements of a larger group using an equivalence relation that preserves some of the group structure (the rest of the structure is "factored out"). For example, the cyclic group of addition modulo n can be obtained from the group of integers under addition ...

  8. Ring theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ring_theory

    For example, Hilbert's Nullstellensatz is a theorem which is fundamental for algebraic geometry, and is stated and proved in terms of commutative algebra. Similarly, Fermat's Last Theorem is stated in terms of elementary arithmetic , which is a part of commutative algebra, but its proof involves deep results of both algebraic number theory and ...

  9. Algebraic group - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algebraic_group

    Chevalley's structure theorem asserts that every connected algebraic group is an extension of an abelian variety by a linear algebraic group. More precisely, if K is a perfect field , and G a connected algebraic group over K , there exists a unique normal closed subgroup H in G , such that H is a connected linear algebraic group and G / H an ...

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