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The N1/L3 (from Ракета-носитель Raketa-nositel', "Carrier Rocket"; Cyrillic: Н1) [5] was a super heavy-lift launch vehicle intended to deliver payloads beyond low Earth orbit. The N1 was the Soviet counterpart to the US Saturn V and was intended to enable crewed travel to the Moon and beyond, [6] with studies beginning as early ...
The only Universal Rocket to make it past the design phase was the UR-500 while the N1 was selected to be the Soviets' HLV for lunar and Martian missions. [65] The UR-900, proposed in 1969, would have had a payload capacity of 240 t (530,000 lb) to low earth orbit. It never left the drawing board. [66]
N1 launch explosion: Baikonur Cosmodrome Site 110, Kazakh SSR, Soviet Union: 3 July 1969: Rocket propellant (kerosene and liquid oxygen) 0.3–1 kt (1.3–4.2 TJ); some sources suggest as much as 29 TJ [111] 0.65 kt (2.7 TJ) Evangelos Florakis Naval Base explosion: Evangelos Florakis Naval Base, Cyprus 11 July 2011: Military ammunition and high ...
Mock up of N-1. The N-I or N-1 was a derivative of the American Thor-Delta rocket, produced under license in Japan. The N stood for "Nippon" (Japan). It used a Long Tank Thor first stage, a Mitsubishi Heavy Industries-designed LE-3 engine on the second stage, [3] [4] [5] and three Castor SRMs.
The amount of thrust generated by the rocket ranged from 10 to 20 tons of thrust which was capable of launching a 40–50 ton satellite into orbit. [94] The man that played a crucial role in the development of this new rocket was Sergei Korolev. The development of the N1 rocket became the successor to other Soviet designed rockets such as the R-7.
The second launch, on 3 July 1969 (an attempt to upstage Apollo 11 by 13 days), resulted in the destruction of the rocket and the entire launch complex, which delayed the N1-L3 program for two years. In an automatic Moon flyby, these first two launches of the N1 carried the 7K-L1S spacecraft (modified 7K-L1). The dummy 7K-LOK (7K-L1E) and ...
It was followed by the left (or west) pad, called "110/37" or "110L". The complex was built in the 1960s as part of the Soviet crewed lunar programs, for use by the N1 rocket. [citation needed] A total of five launches were made from the complex: Four N1 launches as well as one Energia launch, carrying the Buran spaceplane.
Blok D (Russian: Блок Д, lit. 'Block D') is an upper stage used on Soviet and later Russian expendable launch systems, including the N1, Proton-K and Zenit. [2]The stage (and its derivatives) has been included in more than 320 launched rockets as of 2015. [3]