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Indian epic poetry is the epic poetry written in the Indian subcontinent, traditionally called Kavya (or Kāvya; Sanskrit: काव्य, IAST: kāvyá).The Ramayana and the Mahabharata, which were originally composed in Sanskrit and later translated into many other Indian languages, and the Five Great Epics of Tamil literature and Sangam literature are some of the oldest surviving epic ...
South India in Sangam Period. In Old Tamil language, the term Tamilakam (Tamiḻakam, Purananuru 168. 18) referred to the whole of the ancient Tamil-speaking area, [web 1] corresponding roughly to the area known as southern India today, consisting of the territories of the present-day Indian states of Tamil Nadu, Kerala, parts of Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka.
Agathiyar (), Chairman of first Tamil Sangam, at Madurai in the Pandiya kingdom.Statue of Agastya in the Tamil Thai (Mother Tamil) temple in Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, India. The Tamil Sangams (Tamil: சங்கம் caṅkam, Old Tamil 𑀘𑀗𑁆𑀓𑀫𑁆, from Sanskrit saṅgha) were three legendary gatherings of Tamil scholars and poets that, according to traditional Tamil accounts ...
Iraiyanar (Tamil: இறையனார்), literally meaning "the Lord" and also a common name of Shiva, was a legendary poet of the Sangam period who is believed to have composed verse 2 of Kurunthogai. [1] He is believed to be the incarnation of Lord Shiva of the temple at Madurai, known as 'Aalavaai Sokkar' or 'Sokkanathar'. [1]
It is said to have lasted 1850 years, until around 300 CE, with 449 poets contributing under the patronage of 49 Pandyan kings. [1] However, only the works of the last 800 years of the Sangam period (c. 500 BCE to 300 CE) have been retrieved and others are believed to have been lost.
A 12th-century statue of Agastya. The Purananuru, one of the Eight Anthologies of Sangam literature, praises King Irunkōvēl, a 49th generation descendant of the Vēlir clan whose ancestors appeared from the pitcher (தடவு) of a Northern sage (), and said to have ruled Thuvarai with a fort containing tall huge walls made of bronze. [14]
The Sangam poems never mention Ilango Adigal, the epic or the name of any other author for the epic. The Ilango Adigal name appears in a much later dated patikam (prologue) attached to the poem, and the authenticity of this attribution is doubtful. [ 24 ]
Legendary Tamil Sangams, legendary assemblies of Tamil scholars and poets in the remote past First Sangam; Second Sangam; Third Sangam; Sangam literature, a collection of Tamil literature and the earliest period of South Indian history, when the Tamil Sangams were held; Sangama dynasty, the first dynasty of the Vijayanagara Empire (c. 1336–1485)