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Outside the operating room, or sometimes integrated within, is a dedicated scrubbing area that is used by surgeons, anesthetists, ODPs (operating department practitioners), and nurses prior to surgery. An operating room will have a map to enable the terminal cleaner to realign the operating table and equipment to the desired layout during cleaning.
There are many different surgical specialties, some of which require specific kinds of surgical instruments to perform.. General surgery is a specialty focused on the abdomen; the thyroid gland; diseases involving skin, breasts, and various soft tissues; trauma; peripheral vascular disease; hernias; and endoscopic procedures.
A surgical instrument is a medical device for performing specific actions or carrying out desired effects during a surgery or operation, such as modifying biological tissue, or to provide access for viewing it. [1] Over time, many different kinds of surgical instruments and tools have been invented.
Instrument sterilizer: to sterilize instruments in absence of an autoclave: Kidney dish: as a tray for instruments, gauze, tissue, etc. Measuring tape: for length, height, head circumference and girth measurements Medical halogen penlight: to see into the eye, natural orifices, etc. and to test for pupillary light reflex, etc. Medical ultrasound
Grommet stapedectomy set: used in surgeries of the ear drum: Tracheostomy tube: used in tracheostomy to bypass the airway above its point of insertion, due to any reason •Fuller's bi-valve type: metal double tube; used in a new tracheostomy or during closing it for a few days •Portex type: used in permanent tracheostomy •Cuffed type
[9] Surgical instruments on a trolley in preparation for surgery. A circulation nurse has many similar responsibilities; they should ensure that the operating room is clear and uncontaminated by previous surgeries or other infections. They are also there to collect, open, clear and sterilise packets containing surgical equipment. [10]
Many operating room injuries could be solved by simply restraining the arms and legs. [1] Other causes of nerve or muscular damage to the extremities is caused by pressure on the body by the surgical team leaning on the patient's arms and legs. The patient's arms can be protected from these risks by using an arm sled.
General anaesthesia is usually induced in an operating theatre or in an anaesthetic room next to the theatre. More rarely, it may be induced in an endoscopy suite, intensive care unit , radiology or cardiology department, emergency department , ambulance, or even at the site of a disaster where extrication of the patient may be impractical.