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approx. date – The clarinet might have been invented by the German flute maker Joseph Mamadski as a modification of the chalumeau, but it will not be until the late 18th century that composers include clarinets into their orchestrations.
Part of a series on Biology Science of life Index Outline Glossary History (timeline) Key components Cell theory Ecosystem Evolution Phylogeny Properties of life Adaptation Energy processing Growth Order Regulation Reproduction Response to environment Domains and Kingdoms of life Archaea Bacteria Eukarya (Animals, Fungi, Plants, Protists) Branches Abiogenesis Aerobiology Agronomy Agrostology ...
November 30 – Isaac Newton is elected president of the Royal Society of London, a position he will hold until his death in 1727. Richard Mead is admitted to the Royal Society (to whose Transactions he contributes this year a paper on the parasitic nature of scabies), is elected physician to St Thomas' Hospital, and is appointed to read anatomical lectures at Surgeon's Hall, all in London.
The first technical dictionary was drafted by John Harris and entitled Lexicon Technicum: Or, An Universal English Dictionary of Arts and Sciences. Harris' book avoided theological and biographical entries; instead it concentrated on science and technology.
Research in geology and evolutionary biology naturally led to the question of how old the Earth was. Indeed, between the mid-1700s to the mid-1800s, this was the topic of increasingly sophisticated intellectual discussions. With the advent of thermodynamics, it became clear that the Earth and the Sun must have an old but finite age.
The history of biology traces the study of the living world from ancient to modern times. Although the concept of biology as a single coherent field arose in the 19th century, the biological sciences emerged from traditions of medicine and natural history reaching back to Ayurveda, ancient Egyptian medicine and the works of Aristotle, Theophrastus and Galen in the ancient Greco-Roman world.
French mathematician and political scientist Jean-Charles de Borda formulates the ranked preferential electoral system which becomes known as the Borda count.; Lagrange discusses representations of integers by general algebraic forms; produces a tract on elimination theory; publishes his first paper on the general process for solving an algebraic equation of any degree via Lagrange resolvents ...
The 17th century lasted from January 1, 1601 (represented by the Roman numerals MDCI), to December 31, 1700 (MDCC).. It falls into the early modern period of Europe and in that continent (whose impact on the world was increasing) was characterized by the Baroque cultural movement, the latter part of the Spanish Golden Age, the Dutch Golden Age, [1] the French Grand Siècle dominated by Louis ...