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In the course of the 1st millennium CE, Jewish scholars [which?] developed an elaborate system of seven heavens, named: [5] [6] [7]. Vilon (Hebrew: וִילוֹן, Tiberian: Wīlōn, Curtain) [8] or Araphel (Hebrew: עֲרָפֶל, Tiberian: ʿĂrāp̄el, Thick Cloud): [9] The first heaven, governed by Archangel Gabriel, is the closest of heavenly realms to the Earth; it is also considered the ...
An artist's depiction of the early Hebrew conception of the cosmos. The firmament (raqia), Sheol, and Tehom are depicted.In ancient near eastern cosmology, the firmament means a celestial barrier that separates the heavenly waters above from the Earth below. [1]
The Quran and Hadith frequently mention the existence of seven samāwāt (سماوات), the plural of samāʾ (سماء), meaning 'heaven, sky, celestial sphere', and cognate with Hebrew shamāyim (שמים). Some of the verses in the Quran mentioning the samaawat [21] are Q41:12, Q65:12 and Q71:15.
In the Book of Job the Council of Heaven, the Sons of God (bene elohim) meet in heaven to review events on Earth and decide the fate of Job. [49] One of their number is "the Satan ", literally "the accuser", who travels over the Earth much like a Persian imperial spy, (Job dates from the period of the Persian empire), reporting on, and testing ...
Beri'ah (Hebrew: בְּרִיאָה), Briyah, or B'ri'ah (also known as Olam Beriah, עוֹלָם בְּרִיאָה in Hebrew, literally "the World of Creation"), is the second [1] of the four celestial worlds in the Tree of Life of the Kabbalah, intermediate between the World of Emanation and the World of Formation (), the third world, that of the angels.
The noun merkavah "thing to ride in, cart" is derived from the consonantal root רכב r-k-b with the general meaning "to ride". The word "chariot" is found 44 times in the Masoretic Text of the Hebrew Bible—most of them referring to normal chariots on earth, [5] and although the concept of the Merkabah is associated with Ezekiel's vision (), the word is not explicitly written in Ezekiel 1.
The Jewish angelic hierarchy is established in the Hebrew Bible, Talmud, Rabbinic literature, and traditional Jewish liturgy. They are categorized in different hierarchies proposed by various theologians. For example, Maimonides, in his Mishneh Torah or Yad ha-Chazakah: Yesodei ha-Torah, counts ten ranks of angels.
Depiction of the Commander of the Lord's Army in Joshua 5, by Ferdinand Bol, 1642.. In the Hebrew Bible, the name Yahweh and the title Elohim (literally 'gods' or 'godhood', usually rendered as 'God' in English translations) frequently occur with the word tzevaot or sabaoth ("hosts" or "armies", Hebrew: צבאות) as YHWH Elohe Tzevaot ("YHWH God of Hosts"), Elohe Tzevaot ("God of Hosts ...