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The inception of a disease is not a firmly defined concept. [1] The natural history of a disease is sometimes said to start at the moment of exposure to causal agents. [2] Knowledge of the natural history of disease ranks alongside causal understanding in importance for disease prevention and control.
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to concepts related to infectious diseases in humans.. Infection – transmission, entry/invasion after evading/overcoming defense, establishment, and replication of disease-causing microscopic organisms (pathogens) inside a host organism, and the reaction of host tissues to them and to the toxins they produce.
In practice most minor infectious diseases such as warts, cutaneous abscesses, respiratory system infections and diarrheal diseases are diagnosed by their clinical presentation and treated without knowledge of the specific causative agent. Conclusions about the cause of the disease are based upon the likelihood that a patient came in contact ...
“This concept [of Disease X] was one of the lessons we learned from this pandemic,” Dr Russo said. “As mankind breaks down these barriers [between humans and other species] through live ...
Epidemiology has its limits at the point where an inference is made that the relationship between an agent and a disease is causal (general causation) and where the magnitude of excess risk attributed to the agent has been determined; that is, epidemiology addresses whether an agent can cause disease, not whether an agent did cause a specific ...
The concept of health takes into account physical, psychological, and social well-being, among other factors. [4] Public health is an interdisciplinary field. For example, epidemiology, biostatistics, social sciences and management of health services are all relevant.
Also called silent disease, silent stage, or asymptomatic disease. This is a stage in some diseases before the symptoms are first noted. [23] Terminal phase If a person will die soon from a disease, regardless of whether that disease typically causes death, then the stage between the earlier disease process and active dying is the terminal phase.
Focal infection theory is the historical concept that many chronic diseases, including systemic and common ones, are caused by focal infections. In present medical consensus, a focal infection is a localized infection, often asymptomatic, that causes disease elsewhere in the host, but focal infections are fairly infrequent and limited to fairly uncommon diseases. [1]