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Apollo is often depicted playing a cithara instead of a lyre, often dressed in a kitharode’s formal robes. Kitharoidos, or Citharoedus, is an epithet given to Apollo, which means "lyre-singer" or "one who sings to the lyre". An Apollo Citharoedus or Apollo Citharede, is the term for a type of statue or other image of Apollo with a cithara.
The earliest reference to the word "lyre" is the Mycenaean Greek ru-ra-ta-e, meaning "lyrists" and written in the Linear B script. [5] In classical Greek, the word "lyre" could either refer specifically to an amateur instrument, which is a smaller version of the professional cithara and eastern-Aegean barbiton, or "lyre" can refer generally to all three instruments as a family. [6]
The kissar (also spelled kissir), tanbour or gytarah barbaryeh is the traditional Nubian lyre, still in use in Egypt, Sudan and Ethiopia.It consists of a body having instead of the traditional tortoise-shell back, a shallow, round bowl of wood, covered with a soundboard of sheepskin, in which are two small round sound-holes.
In the 9th century, one of the instruments that cythara was actively used to name was a large plucked or strummed instrument; pictures show it being played with a plectrum. [2] Pictures of the instrument illustrated in the Stuttgart Psalter all have the word "cythara" near the instrument in the text. [ 2 ]
Guitar-like instrument, most commonly with ten strings in two courses and made from an armadillo back 321.321-6: Philippines: Kudyapi [115] rondalla plucked chordophone with 14 strings tuned F# B E A D G. 321.321: Polynesia: nose flute [116] Flute, made from a single piece of bamboo, with three holes to blow into from the nostrils, with ...
In the city of Ištanuwa, the Luwian dancing god Tarwaliya was honoured with the ḫuḫupal. An account of a ritual from this city includes the use of the ḫuḫupal for libations of wine. The URUDU galgalturi instrument was made from metal, wood, or clay and was played as part of a pair, so it was probably also a cymbal.
Standard drum and lyre corps has 4 to 48 members. There is one leader, who serves as the conductor and leads the band in parades and exhibitions. He uses a conductor stick and must be shown respect by the band. The main part of the band has two sections: the drum sections and the lyre sections. The lyre section makes up the majority of the band.
Cylix of Apollo with the chelys lyre, on a 5th-century BC drinking cup (). The chelys or chelus (Greek: χέλυς, Latin: testudo, both meaning "turtle" or "tortoise") was a stringed musical instrument, the common lyre of the ancient Greeks, which had a convex back of tortoiseshell or of wood shaped like the shell.